analysis identifying strong or moderate affinity bindings for ivermectin to multiple sites on the spike protein, CD147 and α7nAChr, which may provide effective competitive binding for all variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Ivermectin had the highest affinity to the α7nAChr receptor. Analysis showed a potential direct binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to α7nAChr, suggesting mediation of SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry, and potentially shedding light on aspects of COVID-19 including the loss of smell and taste, cytokine storm, and impairment of endothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced vasodilation.
Ivermectin is an inhibitor of importin-α/β-dependent nuclear
import of viral proteins
Götz, Kosyna, Wagstaff, Wagstaff (B),
a SARS-CoV-2 3CL
pro inhibitor
Mody,
binds to glycan sites on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein preventing interaction
with blood and epithelial cells and inhibiting hemagglutination
Boschi,
exhibits dose-dependent inhibition of lung injury
Abd-Elmawla, Ma,
may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 induced formation of fibrin clots resistant to
degradation
Vottero,
shows protection against inflammation, cytokine storm, and mortality in an LPS
mouse model of severe infection/inflammation that shares key pathological
features of severe COVID-19
DiNicolantonio, Zhang,
may be beneficial in severe COVID-19 by binding IGF1 to inhibit the promotion
of inflammation, fibrosis, and cell proliferation that leads to lung damage
Zhao,
may minimize SARS-CoV-2 induced cardiac damage
Liu, Liu (B),
has immunomodulatory
Munson and anti-inflammatory
DiNicolantonio (B), Yan properties, and has an extensive and very
positive safety profile
Descotes.
