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Role of ivermectin in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in India: A matched case-control study

Behera et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247163 (date from preprint)
Nov 2020  
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Case 54% Improvement Relative Risk Case (b) 44% Ivermectin for COVID-19  Behera et al.  Prophylaxis Does ivermectin reduce COVID-19 infections? Retrospective 372 patients in India Fewer cases with ivermectin (p=0.0007) c19ivm.org Behera et al., PLOS ONE, November 2020 Favorsivermectin Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
Ivermectin for COVID-19
4th treatment shown to reduce risk in August 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 105 studies, recognized in 23 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 112 treatments. c19ivm.org
Retrospective matched case-control prophylaxis study for HCQ, ivermectin, and vitamin C with 372 healthcare workers, showing lower COVID-19 incidence for all treatments, with statistical significance reached for ivermectin.
HCQ OR 0.56, p = 0.29
Ivermectin OR 0.27, p < 0.001
Vitamin C OR 0.82, p = 0.58
This is the 16th of 105 COVID-19 controlled studies for ivermectin, which collectively show efficacy with p<0.0000000001 (1 in 774 quintillion).
52 studies are RCTs, which show efficacy with p=0.00000021.
Study covers vitamin C, ivermectin, and HCQ.
risk of case, 53.8% lower, RR 0.46, p < 0.001, treatment 41 of 117 (35.0%), control 145 of 255 (56.9%), NNT 4.6, adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, model 2 2+ doses conditional logistic regression.
risk of case, 44.5% lower, RR 0.56, p = 0.007, treatment 41 of 117 (35.0%), control 145 of 255 (56.9%), NNT 4.6, odds ratio converted to relative risk, matched pair analysis.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Behera et al., 3 Nov 2020, retrospective, India, peer-reviewed, 13 authors, dosage 300μg/kg days 1, 4.
This PaperIvermectinAll
Role of ivermectin in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in India: A matched case-control study
Priyamadhaba Behera, Binod Kumar Patro, Arvind Kumar Singh, Pradnya Dilip Chandanshive, Ravikumar S. R., Somen Kumar Pradhan, Siva Santosh Kumar Pentapati, Gitanjali Batmanabane, Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra, Biswa Mohan Padhy, Shakti Kumar Bal, Sudipta Ranjan Singh, Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty
PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247163
Background Ivermectin is one among several potential drugs explored for its therapeutic and preventive role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study was aimed to explore the association between ivermectin prophylaxis and the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers. Methods A hospital-based matched case-control study was conducted among healthcare workers of AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India, from September to October 2020. Profession, gender, age and date of diagnosis were matched for 186 case-control pairs. Cases and controls were healthcare workers who tested positive and negative, respectively, for COVID-19 by RT-PCR. Exposure was defined as the intake of ivermectin and/or hydroxychloroquine and/or vitamin-C and/or other prophylaxis for COVID-19. Data collection and entry was done in Epicol-lect5, and analysis was performed using STATA version 13. Conditional logistic regression models were used to describe the associated factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Ivermectin prophylaxis was taken by 76 controls and 41 cases. Two-dose ivermectin prophylaxis (AOR 0.27, 95% CI, 0.15-0.51) was associated with a 73% reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers for the following month. Those involved in physical activity (AOR 3.06 95% CI, 1.18-7.93) for more than an hour/day were more likely to contract SARS-CoV-2 infection. Type of household, COVID duty, single-dose ivermectin
Supporting information S1 Appendix. Questionnaire used in the study (English and Odia language). (PDF) S1 Protocol. Study protocol. (DOC) Author Contributions
References
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The study was aimed to explore the association ' 'between ivermectin prophylaxis and the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare ' 'workers.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec002">\n' '<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>A hospital-based matched case-control study was conducted among healthcare workers of ' 'AIIMS Bhubaneswar, India, from September to October 2020. Profession, gender, age and date of ' 'diagnosis were matched for 186 case-control pairs. Cases and controls were healthcare workers ' 'who tested positive and negative, respectively, for COVID-19 by RT-PCR. Exposure was defined ' 'as the intake of ivermectin and/or hydroxychloroquine and/or vitamin-C and/or other ' 'prophylaxis for COVID-19. Data collection and entry was done in Epicollect5, and analysis was ' 'performed using STATA version 13. 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