The effect of ivermectin on non-severe and severe COVID-19 disease and gender-based difference of its effectiveness

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 20]], 'date-time': '2022-01-20T07:18:22Z', 'timestamp': 1642663102502}, 'reference-count': 0, 'publisher': 'PAGEPress Publications', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 18]], 'date-time': '2022-01-18T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1642464000000}, 'content-version': 'unspecified', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'short-container-title': ['Monaldi Arch Chest Dis'], 'abstract': '<jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has led to mortality and morbidity since December 2019. Many ' 'possible treatment options have been advised till date. The role of ivermectin in the ' 'treatment of COVID-19 disease remains controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ' 'effect of ivermectin in hospitalized patients with non-severe and severe COVID-19 disease. We ' 'conducted a retrospective cohort study that compared outcomes in 2 groups of COVID-19 ' 'patients hospitalized at the largest tertiary care center of Pakistan. The study group was ' 'given ivermectin along with standard treatment of covid-19 disease; the comparison group was ' 'not. Data on mortality, inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin, ' 'length of hospital stay and baseline characteristics were collected from Aga Khan ' 'University’s database from October 2020 till February 2021. Statistical analysis was done to ' 'determine the effectiveness of ivermectin in non-severe and severe COVID-19. Comparison of ' 'effectiveness of Ivermectin in both the genders was also conducted. The cohort included 188 ' 'patients out of which 90 were treated with ivermectin. Mortality and length of ' 'hospitalization was not found to be significantly different in the study group compared with ' 'the control group (5.6% vs 5.1%; p=0.87 and 5 days vs 4 days; p=0.27). Analysis of secondary ' 'outcomes did not yield statistically significant results, apart from ferritin levels which ' 'were significantly less in patients treated with ivermectin (547.1 vs 756.7; p=0.03). The ' 'ferritin and CRP levels in affected males were higher than in females on admission and ' 'discharge. Our findings suggest ivermectin does not significantly affect all-cause mortality, ' 'length of hospitalization and CRP levels in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Large scale ' 'randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are required to further evaluate the role of ivermectin ' 'in covid-19 disease.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.4081/monaldi.2022.2062', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 19]], 'date-time': '2022-01-19T08:02:11Z', 'timestamp': 1642579331000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': [ 'The effect of ivermectin on non-severe and severe COVID-19 disease and gender-based difference ' 'of its effectiveness'], 'prefix': '10.4081', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-246X', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Syed Muhammad', 'family': 'Zubair', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Muhammad Waleed', 'family': 'Chaudhry', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ali Bin Sarwar', 'family': 'Zubairi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Talha', 'family': 'Shahzad', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Aqusa', 'family': 'Zahid', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ibrahim Ali', 'family': 'Khan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Javaid Ahmed', 'family': 'Khan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'family': 'Muhammad Irfan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '2549', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 18]]}, 'container-title': ['Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease'], 'original-title': [], 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://monaldi-archives.org/index.php/macd/article/download/2062/1397', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://monaldi-archives.org/index.php/macd/article/download/2062/1397', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 19]], 'date-time': '2022-01-19T08:02:11Z', 'timestamp': 1642579331000}, 'score': 1, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 18]]}, 'references-count': 0, 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2022.2062', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['2532-5264', '1122-0643'], 'issn-type': [{'value': '2532-5264', 'type': 'electronic'}, {'value': '1122-0643', 'type': 'print'}], 'subject': ['Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine', 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'], 'published': {'date-parts': [[2022, 1, 18]]}}