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Circulation of COVID-19-Related Medicines on Japanese Websites during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Quality and Authenticity

Zhu et al., The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0710
Sep 2024  
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Ivermectin for COVID-19
4th treatment shown to reduce risk in August 2020
 
*, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 105 studies, recognized in 23 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,800+ studies for 95 treatments. c19ivm.org
Investigation of the circulation and quality of COVID-19-related medicines sold online in Japan showing poor-quality ivermectin and dexamethasone. Four dexamethasone samples and two ivermectin samples failed quantitative analysis, and three ivermectin samples failed dissolution testing. All samples lacked package inserts. The authenticity of many samples could not be confirmed.
Zhu et al., 17 Sep 2024, Japan, peer-reviewed, 5 authors, study period 24 November, 2020 - 1 March, 2022. Contact: naoko@p.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
This PaperIvermectinAll
Circulation of COVID-19-Related Medicines on Japanese Websites during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Quality and Authenticity
Shu Zhu, Naoko Yoshida, Ryo Matsushita, Mohammad Sofiqur Rahman, Kazuko Kimura
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0710
Substandard and falsified medical products for treating COVID-19 have spread worldwide. These medicines have entered Japan through personal importation of products purchased via the Internet. In this study, we investigated the circulation of 19 COVID-19-related medicines on the Internet in Japan and evaluated the pharmaceutical quality and authenticity of 2 medicines (dexamethasone tablets and ivermectin tablets) obtained online. We purchased 23 samples of 0.5-mg dexamethasone tablets and 13 samples of 3-mg ivermectin tablets from the Internet in December 2020 and July 2022. We investigated the quality and authenticity of the obtained samples through visual observation and tested their authenticity. We conducted pharmacopoeia compliance testing (quantitative assay, content uniformity tests, and dissolution tests) using the high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector method. No prescription was ever required at the time of purchase. Visual observation revealed that most samples lacked a package insert and some samples had packaging deficiencies. In terms of authenticity, eight ivermectin samples were genuine; the authenticity of the other samples remained uncertain. Four dexamethasone samples and three ivermectin samples failed quality testing based on pharmacopeia validation standards. Our findings illustrate that dexamethasone and ivermectin tablets of poor quality are available online. It is important to increase consumer awareness and provide information about these medicines to prevent the purchase of substandard medicines via the Internet.
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