Efficacy and Safety of Ivermectin for Treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 Pandemic

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-100956/v2", "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-100956/v2", "abstract": "<title>Abstract</title>\n <p><bold>Background:</bold> Up-to-date, there is no recognized effective treatment or vaccine for the treatment of COVID-19 that emphasize urgency around distinctive effective therapies. This study aims to evaluate the anti-parasitic medication efficacy \"Ivermectin\" plus standard care ((Azithromycin, vitamin C, Zinc, Lactoferrin &amp; Acetylcystein &amp; prophylactic or therapeutic anticoagulation if D-dimer &gt; 1000)) in the treatment of mild/moderate and severely ill cases with COVID 19 infection, as well as prophylaxis of health care and/ or household contacts in comparison to the <italic>Hydroxychloroquine</italic> plus standard treatment.<bold>Subject and methods:</bold> 600 subjects; 400 symptomatic confirmed COVID-19 patients and 200 health care and household contacts distributed over 6 groups; <italic>Group I</italic><bold>:</bold> 100 patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 infection received a 4-days course of Ivermectin plus standard of care; <italic>Group II:</italic> 100 patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 infection received hydroxychloroquine plus standard of care; <italic>Group III:</italic> 100 patients with severe COVID-19 infection received Ivermectin plus standard of care; <italic>Group IV</italic>: 100 patients with Severe COVID-19 infection received hydroxychloroquine plus standard of care. Routine laboratory investigations and RT-PCR, were reported before and after initiation of treatment. <italic>Group V stick to PPE plus Ivermectin 400mcg / kg on empty stomach to be repeated after one week, and group VI stick to PPE only (personal protective equipment) .Both groups V&amp;VI were followed for two weeks ..</italic><bold>Results:</bold> Patients received ivermectin reported substantial recovery of laboratory investigations; and significant reduction in RT-PCR conversion days. A substantial improvement and reduction in mortality rate in Ivermectin treated groups; group I (mild/moderate cases), (99%, and 0.0%, respectively) and group III (severe cases), (94%, and 2.0% respectively) versus hydroxychloroquine plus standard care treated groups; group II (mild/moderate cases), (74% and 4%, respectively) and group IV (severe cases) (50% and 20%, respectively). Ivermectin had significantly reduced the incidence of infection in health care and household contacts up to 2% compared to 10% in non ivermectin group when used as a prophylaxis.<bold>Conclusion:</bold><italic> </italic>Addition of Ivermectin to standard care is very effective drug for treatment of COVID-19 patients with significant reduction in mortality compared to Hydroxychloroquine plus standard treatment only. Early use of Ivermectin is very useful for controlling COVID 19 infections; prophylaxis and improving cytokines storm</p>", "accepted": { "date-parts": [ [ 2020, 10, 30 ] ] }, "author": [ { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Banha University" } ], "family": "Elgazzar", "given": "Ahmed", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt." } ], "family": "Hany", "given": "Basma", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Banha University" } ], "family": "Youssef", "given": "Shaimaa Abo", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Benha Faculty of medicine" } ], "family": "Hafez", "given": "Mohy", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Kafr Elsheikh University, Faculty of medicine, Chest department" } ], "family": "Moussa", "given": "Hany", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Benha University" } ], "family": "eltaweel", "given": "Abdelaziz", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": [], "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2020, 11, 16 ] ], "date-time": "2020-11-16T23:00:32Z", "timestamp": 1605567632000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 5, 10 ] ], "date-time": "2024-05-10T00:57:45Z", "timestamp": 1715302665000 }, "group-title": "In Review", "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 5, 10 ] ], "date-time": "2024-05-10T01:10:18Z", "timestamp": 1715303418873 }, "institution": [ { "name": "Research Square" } ], "is-referenced-by-count": 16, "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2020, 11, 16 ] ] }, "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "content-version": "unspecified", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2020, 11, 16 ] ], "date-time": "2020-11-16T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1605484800000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-100956/v2", "content-type": "text/html", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-100956/v2.html", "content-type": "unspecified", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "8761", "original-title": [], "posted": { "date-parts": [ [ 2020, 11, 16 ] ] }, "prefix": "10.21203", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2020, 11, 16 ] ] }, "publisher": "Research Square Platform LLC", "reference-count": 0, "references-count": 0, "relation": { "is-version-of": [ { "asserted-by": "subject", "id": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-100956/v1", "id-type": "doi" }, { "asserted-by": "subject", "id": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-100956/v3", "id-type": "doi" }, { "asserted-by": "subject", "id": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-100956/v4", "id-type": "doi" } ] }, "resource": { "primary": { "URL": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-100956/v2" } }, "score": 1, "short-title": [], "source": "Crossref", "subject": [], "subtitle": [], "subtype": "preprint", "title": "WITHDRAWN: Efficacy and Safety of Ivermectin for Treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 Pandemic", "type": "posted-content" }