Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Results
Abstract
All HCQ studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19hcq.org COVID-19 treatment researchHCQHCQ (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 in Indonesia: Lessons from the first wave

Burhan et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0290964
Sep 2023  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
Mortality -1% Improvement Relative Risk HCQ for COVID-19  Burhan et al.  ICU PATIENTS Is very late treatment with HCQ beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 559 patients in Indonesia (January 2020 - March 2021) No significant difference in mortality c19hcq.org Burhan et al., PLOS ONE, September 2023 FavorsHCQ Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020
 
*, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 417 studies, recognized in 46 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,800+ studies for 102 treatments. c19hcq.org
Retrospective 559 COVID-19 ICU patients in Indonesia, showing no difference in mortality with HCQ in unadjusted results.
Study covers HCQ and remdesivir.
risk of death, 1.3% higher, RR 1.01, p = 0.91, treatment 84 of 123 (68.3%), control 294 of 436 (67.4%).
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Burhan et al., 25 Sep 2023, retrospective, Indonesia, peer-reviewed, 26 authors, study period January 2020 - March 2021. Contact: eva.marwali@pjnhk.go.id.
This PaperHCQAll
Characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 in Indonesia: Lessons from the first wave
Erlina Burhan, Keibun Liu, Eva M Marwali, Samuel Huth, Navy G H M L Wulung, Dafsah A Juzar, Muhammad A Taufik, Surya O Wijaya, Dyah K Wati, Neurinda P Kusumastuti, Saptadi Yuliarto, Bhirowo Y Pratomo, Erwin Pradian, Dadang H Somasetia, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Arie Z Fatoni, Jose M Mandei, Eka Y Lantang, Fajar Perdhana, Bambang P Semedi, Muhammad Rayhan, Tiffany R S Tarigan, Nicole White, Gianluigi L Bassi, Jacky Y Suen, John F Fraser
PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0290964
Background Indonesia's national response to COVID-19 evolved rapidly throughout 2020. Understanding pandemic response and outcomes is crucial for better mitigation strategies ahead. This study describes the characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to ICU during the early stages of the pandemic. Methods This is a multi-centre prospective observational study including patients from twelve collaborating hospitals in Indonesia. All patients were clinically suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted to ICU between January 2020 and March 2021. The primary outcome was monthly ICU mortality. Descriptive statistics of patient characteristics and treatment were generated as secondary outcomes.
References
Abayomi, Odukoya, Osibogun, Wright, Adebayo et al., Presenting Symptoms and Predictors of Poor Outcomes Among 2,184 Patients with COVID-19 in Lagos State, Nigeria, Int J Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.024
Ahuja, Grooth, Paulus, Van Der Ven, Neto et al., Association between early cumulative fluid balance and successful liberation from invasive ventilation in COVID-19 ARDS patients-insights from the PRoVENT-COVID study: a national, multicenter, observational cohort analysis, Crit Care, doi:10.1186/s13054-022-04023-y
Alaa, Qian, Rashbass, Benger, Der Schaar, Retrospective cohort study of admission timing and mortality following COVID-19 infection in England, BMJ Open, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042712
Anggraini, Healthcare Access and Utilization in Rural Communities of Indonesia, J Community Health Provis
Bassi, Gibbons, Suen, Dalton, White et al., Early short course of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients with COVID-19 ARDS: a propensity score analysis, Crit Care, doi:10.1186/s13054-022-03983-5
Bassi, Gibbons, Suen, Dalton, White et al., Use of neuromuscular blocking agents in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: A propensity score analysis, doi:10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.OA1259
Bassi, Suen, Barnett, Corley, Millar et al., Design and rationale of the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium international, multicentre, observational study, BMJ Open, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041417
Berlin, Gulick, Martinez, Severe Covid-19. Solomon CG, N Engl J Med
Bickley, Chan, Skali, Stadelmann, Torgler, How does globalization affect COVID-19 responses?, Glob Health, doi:10.1186/s12992-021-00677-5
Chang, Elhusseiny, Yeh, Sun, COVID-19 ICU and mechanical ventilation patient characteristics and outcomes-A systematic review and meta-analysis, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246318
Combes, Hajage, Capellier, Demoule, Lavoue et al., Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1800385
Debebe, Goffi, Haile, Alferid, Estifanos et al., Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Tisherman SA, editor, Crit Care Res Pract, doi:10.1155/2022/7797328
Demoule, Vieillard Baron, Darmon, Beurton, Ge ´ri et al., High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Critically III Patients with Severe COVID-19, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, doi:10.1164/rccm.202005-2007LE
Djalante, Lassa, Setiamarga, Sudjatma, Indrawan et al., Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: Period of January to March 2020, Prog Disaster Sci, doi:10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100091
Elkholi, Alrais, Algouhary, Al-Taie, Sawwan et al., Acute kidney injury in ventilated patients with coronavirus disease-2019 pneumonia: A single-center retrospective study, Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci, doi:10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS%5F194%5F20
Erlina, Susanto, Dwi, Fathiyah, Sally Aman et al., Pedoman tatalaksana COVID-19
Faes, Abrams, Van Beckhoven, Meyfroidt, Vlieghe et al., Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients, Int J Environ Res Public Health, doi:10.3390/ijerph17207560
Ganasegeran, Jamil, Ch'ng, Looi, Peariasamy, Influence of Population Density for COVID-19 Spread in Malaysia: An Ecological Study, Int J Environ Res Public Health, doi:10.3390/ijerph18189866
Garcia-Vidal, Co ´zar-Llisto, Dueñas, Puerta-Alcalde, Cilloniz, Trends in mortality of hospitalised COVID-19 patients: A single centre observational cohort study from Spain, Lancet Reg Health-Eur, doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100041
Gashaw, Hagos, Sisay, Expected Impacts of COVID-19: Considering Resource-Limited Countries and Vulnerable Population, Front Public Health, doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.614789
Group, Langer, Brioni, Guzzardella, Carlesso et al., Prone position in intubated, mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: a multi-centric study of more than 1000 patients, Crit Care, doi:10.1186/s13054-021-03552-2
Guan, Chen, Guo, Wei, Cai et al., Prolonged symptom onset to admission time is associated with severe Coronavirus disease: A meta combined propensity-adjusted analysis, J Med Virol, doi:10.1002/jmv.27253
Gue ´rin, Reignier, Richard, Beuret, Gacouin et al., Prone Positioning in Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1214103
Harvey, Davidson, Postintensive Care Syndrome: Right Care, Right Now, Crit Care Med
Hopman, Allegranzi, Mehtar, Managing COVID-19 in Low-and Middle-Income Countries, JAMA, doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4169
Hraiech, Yoshida, Annane, Duggal, Fanelli et al., Myorelaxants in ARDS patients, Intensive Care Med, doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06297-8
King, Sahjwani, Brown, Feroz, Cameron et al., Outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 associated respiratory failure, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242651
Ko ¨nig, Winkler, The impact of government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP growth: Does strategy matter? Xue B, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259362
Komaru, Doi, Early or delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients-do we know the right time?, J Thorac Dis, doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.08.22
Kontopantelis, Mamas, Deanfield, Asaria, Doran, Excess mortality in England and Wales during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, J Epidemiol Community Health, doi:10.1136/jech-2020-214764
Kristanto, Daerobi, Samudro, Indonesian Life Expectancy: Role of Health Infrastructure and Socio-Economic Status, Signifikan J Ilmu Ekon
Kuster, Overgaard, A novel comprehensive metric to assess effectiveness of COVID-19 testing: Inter-country comparison and association with geography, government, and policy response, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248176
Lee, Kim, Lee, Lee, Kim et al., Clinical Course and Molecular Viral Shedding Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Community Treatment Center in the Republic of Korea, JAMA Intern Med, doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3862
Maclaren, Fisher, Brodie, Treating the Most Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: The Evolving Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, JAMA, doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22580
Maulana, Soewondo, Adani, Limasalle, Pattnaik, How Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) coverage influences out-of-pocket (OOP) payments by vulnerable populations in Indonesia, PLOS Glob Public Health, doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0000203
Mckee, Roberts, Van Wijngaarden-Stephens, Vis, Gao et al., The Right Treatment at the Right Time in the Right Place: A Population-based, Before-and-after Study of Outcomes Associated With Implementation of an All-inclusive Trauma System in a Large Canadian Province, Ann Surg, doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000000745
Mendonc ¸a, Vincent, Suter, Moreno, Dearden et al., Acute renal failure in the ICU: risk factors and outcome evaluated by the SOFA score, Intensive Care Med, doi:10.1007/s001340051281
Muhyiddin, Nugroho, A Year of Covid-19: A Long Road to Recovery and Acceleration of Indonesia's Development, J Perenc Pembang Indones J Dev Plan
Nishikimi, Jafari, Singh, Shinozaki, Sison et al., Mortality of Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients in Traditional versus Expanded Intensive Care Units in New York, Ann Am Thorac Soc, doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202106-705OC
Noya, Carr, Thompson, Clifford, Playford, Factors associated with the rural and remote practice of medical workforce in Maluku Islands of Indonesia: a cross-sectional study, Hum Resour Health, doi:10.1186/s12960-021-00667-z
Ogura, Ohshimo, Liu, Iwashita, Hashimoto et al., Establishment of a Disaster Management-like System for COVID-19 Patients Requiring Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Japan, Membranes, doi:10.3390/membranes11080625
P2p Kementerian Kesehatan, Widodo, Program%20Vaksinasi% 20COVID%2D19%20Mulai%20Dilakukan%2C%20Presiden%20Orang%20Pertama,Penerima% 20Suntikan%20
Payne, Bose, Kubiak, Nolen, Evaluation of mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination, Utah 2021, Vaccine, doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.072
Peek, Mugford, Tiruvoipati, Wilson, Allen et al., Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial, The Lancet
Perkins, Ji, Connolly, Couper, Lall et al., Effect of Noninvasive Respiratory Strategies on Intubation or Mortality Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and COVID-19: The RECOVERY-RS Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA, doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0028
Phua, Weng, Ling, Egi, Lim et al., Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations, Lancet Respir Med, doi:10.1016/S2213-2600%2820%2930161-2
Roedl, Kahn, Jarczak, Fischer, Boenisch et al., Clinical Characteristics, Complications and Outcomes of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Related to COVID-19 or Influenza Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-A Retrospective Cohort Study, J Clin Med, doi:10.3390/jcm10225440
Roth, Emmons-Bell, Alger, Bradley, Das et al., Trends in Patient Characteristics and COVID-19 In-Hospital Mortality in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic, JAMA Netw Open, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8828
Rubin, Global Effort to Collect Data on Ventilated Patients With COVID-19, JAMA, doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8341
Sabaghian, Kharazmi, Ansari, Omidi, Kazemi et al., COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review, Front Med, doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.705908
Sebhatu, Wennberg, Arora-Jonsson, Lindberg, Explaining the homogeneous diffusion of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions across heterogeneous countries, Proc Natl Acad Sci, doi:10.1073/pnas.2010625117
Shelhamer, Wesson, Solari, Jensen, Steele et al., Prone Positioning in Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Due to COVID-19: A Cohort Study and Analysis of Physiology, J Intensive Care Med, doi:10.1177/0885066620980399
Silva, ´rrez-Villaseñor, Jp, Hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in Mexico, Intensive Care Med, doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06256-3
Syed, Gerber, Sharp, Traveling Towards Disease: Transportation Barriers to Health Care Access, J Community Health, doi:10.1007/s10900-013-9681-1
Tsori, Granek, Giorgi, Epidemiological model for the inhomogeneous spatial spreading of COVID-19 and other diseases, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246056
Varela, Young, Mkandawire, Groen, Banza et al., TRANSPORTATION BARRIERS TO ACCESS HEALTH CARE FOR SURGICAL CONDITIONS IN MALAWI a cross sectional nationwide household survey, BMC Public Health, doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6577-8
Wang, Lu, Li, Chen, Chen et al., Clinical Course and Outcomes of 344 Intensive Care Patients with COVID-19, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, doi:10.1164/rccm.202003-0736LE
Watson, Barnsley, Toor, Hogan, Winskill et al., Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical modelling study, Lancet Infect Dis, doi:10.1016/S1473-3099%2822%2900320-6
Wong, Li, Spreading of COVID-19: Density matters, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242398
Wongtangman, Santer, Wachtendorf, Azimaraghi, Kassis et al., Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study*, Crit Care Med, doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000005053
Wu, Mcgoogan, Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, JAMA
Zheng, Jiang, Zhang, Guervilly, Zhang et al., Neuromuscular blocking agents for acute respiratory distress syndrome: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Respir Res, doi:10.1186/s12931-020-1287-4
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 26]], 'date-time': '2023-09-26T05:45:27Z', 'timestamp': 1695707127237}, 'reference-count': 62, 'publisher': 'Public Library of Science (PLoS)', 'issue': '9', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]], 'date-time': '2023-09-25T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1695600000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['www.plosone.org'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:sec id="sec001">\n' '<jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>Indonesia’s national response to COVID-19 evolved rapidly throughout 2020. ' 'Understanding pandemic response and outcomes is crucial for better mitigation strategies ' 'ahead. This study describes the characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to ICU ' 'during the early stages of the pandemic.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec002">\n' '<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>This is a multi-centre prospective observational study including patients from twelve ' 'collaborating hospitals in Indonesia. All patients were clinically suspected or ' 'laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted to ICU between January 2020 and March 2021. The ' 'primary outcome was monthly ICU mortality. Descriptive statistics of patient characteristics ' 'and treatment were generated as secondary outcomes.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec003">\n' '<jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>From 559 subjects, the overall mortality was 68% and decreased over the study period, ' 'while the mortality of patients that received mechanical ventilation was 92%, consistently ' 'high over the study period. Fatal cases showed 2- and 4-day delays from symptoms onset to ' 'hospital admissions and ICU admissions, respectively. Evidence-backed approaches which could ' 'influence patient outcome, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, prone positioning, ' 'renal replacement therapy, and neuromuscular blockade were scarcely administered.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>\n' '<jats:sec id="sec004">\n' '<jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n' '<jats:p>The mortality rate of COVID-19 patients in Indonesia was extremely high during the ' 'first major outbreak of disease, particularly in those mechanically ventilated. Delayed ' 'admission and unavailability of evidence-based approaches due to high burden on health ' 'facility during COVID-19 crisis could be addressed by efficient public health measures and ' 'enhancing health infrastructure to improve the future pandemic response.</jats:p>\n' '</jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0290964', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]], 'date-time': '2023-09-25T17:24:57Z', 'timestamp': 1695662697000}, 'page': 'e0290964', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.corrections_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 in Indonesia: Lessons from the ' 'first wave', 'prefix': '10.1371', 'volume': '18', 'author': [ {'given': 'Erlina', 'family': 'Burhan', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Keibun', 'family': 'Liu', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0135-536X', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Eva M.', 'family': 'Marwali', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Samuel', 'family': 'Huth', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Navy G. H. M. L.', 'family': 'Wulung', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dafsah A.', 'family': 'Juzar', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Muhammad A.', 'family': 'Taufik', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Surya O.', 'family': 'Wijaya', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dyah K.', 'family': 'Wati', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7637-4285', 'authenticated-orcid': True, 'given': 'Neurinda P.', 'family': 'Kusumastuti', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Saptadi', 'family': 'Yuliarto', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Bhirowo Y.', 'family': 'Pratomo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Erwin', 'family': 'Pradian', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dadang H.', 'family': 'Somasetia', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Desy', 'family': 'Rusmawatiningtyas', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Arie Z.', 'family': 'Fatoni', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jose M.', 'family': 'Mandei', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Eka Y.', 'family': 'Lantang', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Fajar', 'family': 'Perdhana', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Bambang P.', 'family': 'Semedi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Muhammad', 'family': 'Rayhan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Tiffany R. S.', 'family': 'Tarigan', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Nicole', 'family': 'White', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Gianluigi L.', 'family': 'Bassi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jacky Y.', 'family': 'Suen', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'John F.', 'family': 'Fraser', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '340', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]]}, 'reference': [ { 'issue': '9', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref001', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1293', 'DOI': '10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00320-6', 'article-title': 'Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical ' 'modelling study', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'OJ Watson', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Infect Dis'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref002', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '614789', 'DOI': '10.3389/fpubh.2021.614789', 'article-title': 'Expected Impacts of COVID-19: Considering Resource-Limited Countries ' 'and Vulnerable Population', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'T Gashaw', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Front Public Health'}, { 'issue': '35', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref003', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '21201', 'DOI': '10.1073/pnas.2010625117', 'article-title': 'Explaining the homogeneous diffusion of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical ' 'interventions across heterogeneous countries', 'volume': '117', 'author': 'A Sebhatu', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Proc Natl Acad Sci'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref004', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '57', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12992-021-00677-5', 'article-title': 'How does globalization affect COVID-19 responses?', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'SJ Bickley', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Glob Health'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref005', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0259362', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0259362', 'article-title': 'The impact of government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP ' 'growth: Does strategy matter?', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'M König', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'PLOS ONE'}, { 'issue': '16', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref006', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1549', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.4169', 'article-title': 'Managing COVID-19 in Low- and Middle-Income Countries', 'volume': '323', 'author': 'J Hopman', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref007', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0246056', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0246056', 'article-title': 'Epidemiological model for the inhomogeneous spatial spreading of ' 'COVID-19 and other diseases', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Y Tsori', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'PLOS ONE'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref008', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0248176', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0248176', 'article-title': 'A novel comprehensive metric to assess effectiveness of COVID-19 ' 'testing: Inter-country comparison and association with geography, ' 'government, and policy response', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'AC Kuster', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'PLOS ONE'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref009', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0242398', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0242398', 'article-title': 'Spreading of COVID-19: Density matters', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'DWS Wong', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'PLOS ONE'}, { 'issue': '18', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref010', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '9866', 'DOI': '10.3390/ijerph18189866', 'article-title': 'Influence of Population Density for COVID-19 Spread in Malaysia: An ' 'Ecological Study', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'K Ganasegeran', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Int J Environ Res Public Health'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref011', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '100091', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100091', 'article-title': 'Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: ' 'Period of January to March 2020', 'volume': '6', 'author': 'R Djalante', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Prog Disaster Sci'}, { 'issue': '22', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref012', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2233', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.8341', 'article-title': 'Global Effort to Collect Data on Ventilated Patients With COVID-19', 'volume': '323', 'author': 'R. Rubin', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref013', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e041417', 'DOI': '10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041417', 'article-title': 'Design and rationale of the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium ' 'international, multicentre, observational study', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'G Li Bassi', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'BMJ Open'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref014', 'volume-title': 'Pedoman tatalaksana COVID-19', 'author': 'Erlina Burhan', 'year': '2022', 'edition': '4'}, { 'issue': '7', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref015', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0000203', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pgph.0000203', 'article-title': 'How Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) coverage influences out-of-pocket ' '(OOP) payments by vulnerable populations in Indonesia', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'N Maulana', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'PLOS Glob Public Health'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref016', 'first-page': '1', 'article-title': 'A Year of Covid-19: A Long Road to Recovery and Acceleration of ' 'Indonesia’s Development', 'volume': '5', 'author': 'M Muhyiddin', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Perenc Pembang Indones J Dev Plan'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref017', 'first-page': '100041', 'article-title': 'Trends in mortality of hospitalised COVID-19 patients: A single centre ' 'observational cohort study from Spain', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'C Garcia-Vidal', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Reg Health—Eur'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref018', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e218828', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8828', 'article-title': 'Trends in Patient Characteristics and COVID-19 In-Hospital Mortality in ' 'the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic', 'volume': '4', 'author': 'GA Roth', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Netw Open'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref019', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '226', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.024', 'article-title': 'Presenting Symptoms and Predictors of Poor Outcomes Among 2,184 ' 'Patients with COVID-19 in Lagos State, Nigeria', 'volume': '102', 'author': 'A Abayomi', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Int J Infect Dis'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref020', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1447', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3862', 'article-title': 'Clinical Course and Molecular Viral Shedding Among Asymptomatic and ' 'Symptomatic Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Community Treatment ' 'Center in the Republic of Korea', 'volume': '180', 'author': 'S Lee', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Intern Med'}, { 'issue': '20', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref021', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '7560', 'DOI': '10.3390/ijerph17207560', 'article-title': 'Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: ' 'Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'C Faes', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Int J Environ Res Public Health'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref022', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '6714', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.27253', 'article-title': 'Prolonged symptom onset to admission time is associated with severe ' 'Coronavirus disease: A meta combined propensity‐adjusted analysis', 'volume': '93', 'author': 'Y Guan', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref023', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e042712', 'DOI': '10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042712', 'article-title': 'Retrospective cohort study of admission timing and mortality following ' 'COVID-19 infection in England', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'A Alaa', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'BMJ Open'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref024', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.1155/2022/7797328', 'article-title': 'Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An ' 'Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, ' 'Ethiopia', 'volume': '2022', 'author': 'F Debebe', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Crit Care Res Pract'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref025', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '506', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30161-2', 'article-title': 'Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): ' 'challenges and recommendations', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'J Phua', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'issue': '25', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref026', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2451', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMcp2009575', 'article-title': 'Severe Covid-19. Solomon CG, editor', 'volume': '383', 'author': 'DA Berlin', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref027', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '976', 'DOI': '10.1007/s10900-013-9681-1', 'article-title': 'Traveling Towards Disease: Transportation Barriers to Health Care ' 'Access', 'volume': '38', 'author': 'ST Syed', 'year': '2013', 'journal-title': 'J Community Health'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref028', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '14', 'DOI': '10.55885/jchp.v3i1.214', 'article-title': 'Healthcare Access and Utilization in Rural Communities of Indonesia', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'N. Anggraini', 'year': '2023', 'journal-title': 'J Community Health Provis'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref029', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '264', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12889-019-6577-8', 'article-title': 'TRANSPORTATION BARRIERS TO ACCESS HEALTH CARE FOR SURGICAL CONDITIONS ' 'IN MALAWI a cross sectional nationwide household survey', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'C Varela', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'BMC Public Health'}, { 'issue': '7', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref030', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1039', 'DOI': '10.1164/rccm.202005-2007LE', 'article-title': 'High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Critically III Patients with Severe COVID-19', 'volume': '202', 'author': 'A Demoule', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Am J Respir Crit Care Med'}, { 'issue': '6', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref031', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '546', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2022.0028', 'article-title': 'Effect of Noninvasive Respiratory Strategies on Intubation or Mortality ' 'Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and COVID-19: ' 'The RECOVERY-RS Randomized Clinical Trial', 'volume': '327', 'author': 'GD Perkins', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'issue': '22', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref032', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '5440', 'DOI': '10.3390/jcm10225440', 'article-title': 'Clinical Characteristics, Complications and Outcomes of Patients with ' 'Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Related to COVID-19 or ' 'Influenza Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation—A Retrospective ' 'Cohort Study', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'K Roedl', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Clin Med'}, { 'issue': '21', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref033', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1965', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa1800385', 'article-title': 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory ' 'Distress Syndrome', 'volume': '378', 'author': 'A Combes', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'issue': '9698', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref034', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1351', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61069-2', 'article-title': 'Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support ' 'versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory ' 'failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial', 'volume': '374', 'author': 'GJ Peek', 'year': '2009', 'journal-title': 'The Lancet'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref035', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '625', 'DOI': '10.3390/membranes11080625', 'article-title': 'Establishment of a Disaster Management-like System for COVID-19 ' 'Patients Requiring Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in ' 'Japan', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'T Ogura', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Membranes'}, { 'issue': '23', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref036', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2159', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa1214103', 'article-title': 'Prone Positioning in Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'volume': '368', 'author': 'C Guérin', 'year': '2013', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref037', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '23', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12931-020-1287-4', 'article-title': 'Neuromuscular blocking agents for acute respiratory distress syndrome: ' 'an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'Z Zheng', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Respir Res'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref038', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2357', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00134-020-06297-8', 'article-title': 'Myorelaxants in ARDS patients', 'volume': '46', 'author': 'S Hraiech', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Intensive Care Med'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref039', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '128', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-021-03552-2', 'article-title': 'Prone position in intubated, mechanically ventilated patients with ' 'COVID-19: a multi-centric study of more than 1000 patients', 'volume': '25', 'author': 'PRONA-COVID Group', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Crit Care'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref040', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '241', 'DOI': '10.1177/0885066620980399', 'article-title': 'Prone Positioning in Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress ' 'Syndrome Due to COVID-19: A Cohort Study and Analysis of Physiology', 'volume': '36', 'author': 'MC Shelhamer', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Intensive Care Med'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref041', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '31', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2021.22580', 'article-title': 'Treating the Most Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: The Evolving ' 'Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'volume': '327', 'author': 'G MacLaren', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref042', 'article-title': 'Excess mortality in England and Wales during the first wave of the ' 'COVID-19 pandemic', 'author': 'E Kontopantelis', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'J Epidemiol Community Health'}, { 'issue': '13', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref043', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1239', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.2648', 'article-title': 'Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease ' '2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases ' 'From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention', 'volume': '323', 'author': 'Z Wu', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref044', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2086', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00134-020-06256-3', 'article-title': 'Hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in ' 'Mexico', 'volume': '46', 'author': 'SA Ñamendys-Silva', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Intensive Care Med'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref045', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0242651', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0242651', 'article-title': 'Outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 associated ' 'respiratory failure', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'CS King', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'PLOS ONE'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref046', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1346', 'DOI': '10.1513/AnnalsATS.202106-705OC', 'article-title': 'Mortality of Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients in Traditional ' 'versus Expanded Intensive Care Units in New York', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'M Nishikimi', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Ann Am Thorac Soc'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref047', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1430', 'DOI': '10.1164/rccm.202003-0736LE', 'article-title': 'Clinical Course and Outcomes of 344 Intensive Care Patients with ' 'COVID-19', 'volume': '201', 'author': 'Y Wang', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Am J Respir Crit Care Med'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref048', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '126', 'DOI': '10.1186/s12960-021-00667-z', 'article-title': 'Factors associated with the rural and remote practice of medical ' 'workforce in Maluku Islands of Indonesia: a cross-sectional study', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'F Noya', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Hum Resour Health'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref049', 'article-title': 'Indonesian Life Expectancy: Role of Health Infrastructure and ' 'Socio-Economic Status', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'E Kristanto', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'Signifikan J Ilmu Ekon'}, { 'issue': '7', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref050', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '915', 'DOI': '10.1007/s001340051281', 'article-title': 'Acute renal failure in the ICU: risk factors and outcome evaluated by ' 'the SOFA score', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'A De Mendonça', 'year': '2000', 'journal-title': 'Intensive Care Med'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref051', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'e0246318', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0246318', 'article-title': 'COVID-19 ICU and mechanical ventilation patient characteristics and ' 'outcomes—A systematic review and meta-analysis', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'R Chang', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'PLOS ONE'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref052', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '705908', 'DOI': '10.3389/fmed.2022.705908', 'article-title': 'COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'T Sabaghian', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Front Med'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref053', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '123', 'DOI': '10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_194_20', 'article-title': 'Acute kidney injury in ventilated patients with coronavirus ' 'disease-2019 pneumonia: A single-center retrospective study', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'M Elkholi', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci'}, { 'issue': '9', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref054', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'E1006', 'DOI': '10.21037/jtd.2016.08.22', 'article-title': 'Early or delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy for critically ' 'ill patients—do we know the right time?', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Y Komaru', 'year': '2016', 'journal-title': 'J Thorac Dis'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref055', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '558', 'DOI': '10.1097/SLA.0000000000000745', 'article-title': 'The Right Treatment at the Right Time in the Right Place: A ' 'Population-based, Before-and-after Study of Outcomes Associated With ' 'Implementation of an All-inclusive Trauma System in a Large Canadian ' 'Province', 'volume': '261', 'author': 'JL Mckee', 'year': '2015', 'journal-title': 'Ann Surg'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref056', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '381', 'DOI': '10.1097/CCM.0000000000001531', 'article-title': 'Postintensive Care Syndrome: Right Care, Right Now…and Later', 'volume': '44', 'author': 'MA Harvey', 'year': '2016', 'journal-title': 'Crit Care Med'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref057', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '157', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-022-04023-y', 'article-title': 'Association between early cumulative fluid balance and successful ' 'liberation from invasive ventilation in COVID-19 ARDS patients—insights ' 'from the PRoVENT-COVID study: a national, multicenter, observational ' 'cohort analysis', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'S Ahuja', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Crit Care'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref058', 'volume-title': 'Acute critical care', 'author': 'G Li Bassi', 'year': '2021'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref059', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '141', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-022-03983-5', 'article-title': 'Early short course of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients with ' 'COVID-19 ARDS: a propensity score analysis', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'G Li Bassi', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Crit Care'}, { 'issue': '9', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref060', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1524', 'DOI': '10.1097/CCM.0000000000005053', 'article-title': 'Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in ' 'Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related ' 'Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study*', 'volume': '49', 'author': 'K Wongtangman', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Crit Care Med'}, { 'issue': '18', 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref061', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2996', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.072', 'article-title': 'Evaluation of mortality risk after COVID-19 vaccination, Utah 2021', 'volume': '41', 'author': 'JR Payne', 'year': '2023', 'journal-title': 'Vaccine'}, { 'key': 'pone.0290964.ref062', 'unstructured': 'P2P Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Program vaksinasi COVID-19 mulai ' 'dilakukan, presiden orang pertama penerima suntikan vaksin COVID-19. ' 'Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2021 [cited 5 Aug 2023]. Available at: ' 'http://p2p.kemkes.go.id/program-vaksinasi-covid-19-mulai-dilakukan-presiden-orang-pertama-penerima-suntikan-vaksin-covid-19/#:~:text=P2P%20Kemenkes%20RI-,Program%20Vaksinasi%20COVID%2D19%20Mulai%20Dilakukan%2C%20Presiden%20Orang%20Pertama,Penerima%20Suntikan%20Vaksin%20COVID%2D19&text=Program%20vaksinasi%20COVID%2D19%20di,Sinovac%20adalah%20Presiden%20Joko%20Widodo.'}], 'container-title': 'PLOS ONE', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290964', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]], 'date-time': '2023-09-25T17:25:17Z', 'timestamp': 1695662717000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290964'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'editor': [{'given': 'Chiara', 'family': 'Lazzeri', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]]}, 'references-count': 62, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '9', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]]}}, 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290964', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['1932-6203'], 'subject': ['Multidisciplinary'], 'container-title-short': 'PLoS ONE', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 25]]}}
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit