Micronutrient perspective on COVID-19: Umbrella review and reanalysis of meta-analyses

Xie et al., Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, doi:10.1080/10408398.2023.2174948, PROSPERO CRD42022353953

Feb 2023

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Systematic review and meta analysis of micronutrient supplementation, showing vitamin D supplementation associated with lower mortality, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, and severity. Note that forest plots have OR>1 favoring supplementation. Vitamin D deficiency was also associated with higher mortality, mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, severity, and cases.

10 meta analyses show significant improvements with vitamin D treatment for mortality Argano, D’Ecclesiis, Hariyanto, Hosseini, Nikniaz, Shah, Xie, mechanical ventilation Hariyanto, Meng, Shah, Xie, ICU admission Hariyanto, Hosseini, Meng, Shah, Tentolouris, Xie, hospitalization Argano, severity D’Ecclesiis, Nikniaz, Varikasuvu, Xie, and cases Varikasuvu.

Currently there are 116 vitamin D treatment for COVID-19 studies, showing 36% lower mortality [27‑43%], 16% lower ventilation [-8‑35%], 47% lower ICU admission [29‑61%], 20% lower hospitalization [8‑30%], and 15% fewer cases [6‑23%].

1. Argano et al., Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19-Related Intensive Care Hospitalization and Mortality: Definitive Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis, Pharmaceuticals, doi:10.3390/ph16010130.mdpi.com, doi.org.

2. D’Ecclesiis et al., Vitamin D and SARS-CoV2 infection, severity and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis, PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0268396.plos.org, doi.org.

3. Hariyanto et al., Vitamin D supplementation and Covid‐19 outcomes: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression, Reviews in Medical Virology, doi:10.1002/rmv.2269.wiley.com, doi.org.

4. Hosseini et al., Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19 Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu14102134.mdpi.com, doi.org.

5. Meng et al., The role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Clinical Nutrition, doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.09.008.sciencedirect.com, doi.org.

6. Nikniaz et al., The impact of vitamin D supplementation on mortality rate and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Pharmaceutical Sciences, doi:10.34172/PS.2021.13.ac.ir, doi.org.

7. Shah et al., Does vitamin D supplementation reduce COVID-19 severity? - a systematic review, QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcac040.oup.com, doi.org.

8. Tentolouris et al., The effect of vitamin D supplementation on mortality and intensive care unit admission of COVID-19 patients. A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression, Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, doi:10.1002/dmrr.3517.wiley.com, doi.org.

9. Varikasuvu et al., COVID-19 and Vitamin D (Co-VIVID Study): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, doi:10.1080/14787210.2022.2035217.tandfonline.com, doi.org.

10. Xie et al., Micronutrient perspective on COVID-19: Umbrella review and reanalysis of meta-analyses, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, doi:10.1080/10408398.2023.2174948.tandfonline.com, doi.org.

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This study includes zinc and vitamin D.

Xie et al., 15 Feb 2023, peer-reviewed, 16 authors, trial PROSPERO CRD42022353953.

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