Toward a Radically Simple Multi‐Modal Nasal Spray for Preventing Respiratory Infections
Helna John Joseph, Helna Mary Baby, Joselyn Rojas Quintero, Devin Kenney, Yohannes A Mebratu, Eshant Bhatia, Purna Shah, Kabir Swain, Dongtak Lee, Shahdeep Kaur, Xiang‐ling Li, John Mwangi, Olivia Snapper, Remya Nair, Eli Agus, Sruthi Ranganathan, Julian Kage, Jingjing Gao, James N Luo, Anthony Yu, Dongsung Park, Florian Douam, Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Jeffrey M Karp, Nitin Joshi
Advanced Materials, doi:10.1002/adma.202406348
Nasal sprays for pre-exposure prophylaxis against respiratory infections show limited protection (20-70%), largely due to their single mechanism of action-either neutralizing pathogens or blocking their entry at the nasal lining, and a failure to maximize the capture of respiratory droplets, allowing them to potentially rebound and reach deeper airways. This report introduces the Pathogen Capture and Neutralizing Spray (PCANS), which utilizes a multi-modal approach to enhance efficacy. PCANS coats the nasal cavity, capturing large respiratory droplets from the air, and serving as a physical barrier against a broad spectrum of viruses and bacteria, while rapidly neutralizing them with over 99.99% effectiveness. The formulation consists of excipients identified from the FDA's Inactive Ingredient Database and Generally Recognized as Safe list to maximize efficacy for each step in the multi-modal approach. PCANS demonstrates nasal retention for up to 8 hours in mice. In a severe Influenza A mouse model, a single pre-exposure dose of PCANS leads to a >99.99% reduction in lung viral titer and ensures 100% survival, compared to 0% in the control group. PCANS suppresses pathological manifestations and offers protection for at least 4 hours. This data suggest PCANS as a promising daily-use prophylactic against respiratory infections.
Supporting Information Supporting Information is available from the Wiley Online Library or from the author.
Conflict of Interest J.J., H.M.B, Y.T., and J.M.K have one pending patent based on the PCANS formulation described in this manuscript. N.J. and J.M.K are paid consultants, scientific advisory board members, and hold equity in Akita Biosciences, a company that has licensed IP generated by N.J. and J.MK. that may benefit financially if the IP was further validated. The interests of N.J. and J.MK. were reviewed and overseen by their institution in accordance with its conflict of interest policies.
Author Contributions J.J., H.M.B., and J.R.Q contributed equally to this work. J.J., H.M.B., J.R.Q., Y.T., J.M.K., N.J. performed conceptualization. J.J, H.M.B., J.R.Q., D.K., E.B., D.L., D.P. was performed data curation. J.J., H.M.B., J.R.Q., D.K., E.B., D.L., D.P. performed data analysis. J.M.K., N.J. performed funding acquisition. J.J., H.M.B., J.R.Q., Y.M., E.B., P.S., K.S., O.S., R.N., E.A., S.R., J.K. performed investigation. J.J., H.M.B., J.R.Q., D.K., S.K., X.L.L., J.M., J.G., J.N.L, A.Y., F.D. performed methodology. Y.T., J.M.K., N.J. performed project administration. F.D., Y.T., J.M.K., N.J. performed supervision. J.J., H.M.B., J.R.Q., J.M.K., N.J. performed validation. J.J., H.M.B., S.R., N.J., wrote manuscript -original draft: J.J., H.M.B., D.K., F.D., Y.T., J.M.K, N.J. edited the manuscript.
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