Global adoption of COVID-19 early treatments

Treatment	Improvement (early)	Studies (early)	China	India	USA	Indonesia	Pakistan	Brazil	Nigeria	Bangladesh	Russia	Mexico	Japan	Ethiopia	Philippines	Egypt	Vietnam	DR Congo	Germany	Iran	Turkey	Thailand	United Kingdom	France	Italy	South Africa	Kenya	Myanmar	Colombia	South Korea	Spain	Uganda	Argentina	Algeria	Sudan	Ukraine	Iraq	Afghanistan	Canada	Poland	Morocco	Saudi Arabia	Angola	Peru	Uzbekistan	Malaysia	Ghana	Mozambique	Yemen	Nepal	Madagascar	Venezuela	Cameroon	Australia	Côte d'Ivoire	Niger	Taiwan
AMAmubarv../r..	91%	1
EVEnsovibep	89%	1
BHBromhexine	84%	2
CHXChlorhexidine	79%	1
MTMelatonin	78%	2
SPSpironolactone	77%	1
PHAlkalinization	76%	2
PXProxalutamide	71%	3
AAspirin	67%	1
RSVResveratrol	67%	1
(H)CQHydroxychlor..	66%	38
PIPovidone-Iod..	64%	14
RGRegdanvimab	62%	10
V.AVitamin A	62%	3
IVMIvermectin	61%	40
V.DVitamin D	60%	11
CPMChlorphenira..	56%	3
BLBamlaniv../e..	52%	15
BUBudesonide	49%	2
FMFamotidine	48%	1
H1RAH1RA	48%	4
FVFluvoxamine	48%	12
CICasirivimab/i..	47%	22
LFLactoferrin	47%	3
NSNigella Sativa	46%	7
COColchicine	45%	3
AAAntiandrogen	44%	6
NONitric Oxide	44%	3
MFMetformin	43%	3
ZnZinc	41%	6
APAndrographol..	40%	4
V.CVitamin C	39%	7
BFBemnifosbuvir	38%	2
XNXXiannuoxin	38%	2
AZVAzvudine	37%	6
NCNiclosamide	37%	2
PBProbiotics	36%	6
BTBebtelovimab	34%	6
H2O2Hydrogen Per..	34%	3
QQuercetin	32%	4
SSotrovimab	30%	24
CCCurcumin	29%	11
NZNitazoxanide	29%	8
PTPhthalocyan..	29%	1
IBZIbuzatrelvir	27%	1
ENEnsitrelvir	23%	4
NACN-acetylcys..	21%	2
LRLeritrelvir	21%	2
PLPaxlovid	19%	55
FPVFavipiravir	18%	21
PILPeg.. Lambda	17%	3
ATLAtilotrelvir	13%	1
VV116Deuremidevir	11%	2
MPMolnupiravir	11%	39
RDRemdesivir	2%	11
ICIota-carragee..	-	0
PVPemivibart	-	0
ACEAcetaminophen	-22%	5
TCTixagev../c..	-29%	2
IBIbuprofen	-52%	2
CPConv. Plasma	-58%	6

Global adoption of early treatments. Studies, improvement, and adoption refer to early treatment only. Countries ordered by population. Official:

High-profit:

Increased risk:

Unofficial:

References

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Afghanistan Algeria Angola Argentina Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechia Côte d'Ivoire DR Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Finland France Gabon Germany Ghana Greece Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Kenya Latvia Lebanon Lithuania Luxembourg Madagascar Malaysia Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Morocco Mozambique Namibia Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria North Macedonia Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Saudi Arabia Senegal Seychelles Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa South Korea South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland Thailand Togo Tunisia Turkey USA Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom Uzbekistan Venezuela Vietnam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

Afghanistan

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Aspirin - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Famotidine - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://moph.gov.af/sites/default/files/2020-11/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88.. (Internet Archive)

Algeria

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.theafricareport.com/26264/coronavirus-didier-raoult-the-african-and-chloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.afrik.com/edouard-philippe-emporte-par-le-covid-didier-raoult-l-hydroxychloroq.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/africa/Algeria-backs-hydroxychloroquine-use/4552902-.. (Internet Archive)

https://al-bab.com/blog/2020/05/covid-19-algeria-and-morocco-continue-using-chloroquine-de.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/gummibear737/status/1256676533638479872 (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/125846970644244480..

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/senegal/ces-pays-africains-qui-ont-decide-de-con.. (Internet Archive)

Angola

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Argentina

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://sisptandil.gob.ar/contenido/modulos/uploads/1620909535-7269.pdf (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://sisptandil.gob.ar/contenido/modulos/uploads/1620909535-7269.pdf (Internet Archive)

Convalescent Plasma - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-technology-assessment-in-.. (Internet Archive)

https://sisptandil.gob.ar/contenido/modulos/uploads/1620909535-7269.pdf (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-technology-assessment-in-.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - mixed usage - Jan 26, 2021

https://www.perfil.com/noticias/agro/coronavirus-san-antonio-de-areco-implementara-tratami.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.clarin.com/sociedad/cientificos-argentinos-investigaron-ivermectina-defienden-.. (Internet Archive)

https://diario33.com.ar/misiones-profundiza-la-implementacion-de-la-ivermectina-en-pacient.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.lapoliticaonline.es/nota/86800-en-argentina-atribuyen-una-drastica-bajada-de-c.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/135404377252764876..

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/134932817971087360..

https://rcm.imrpress.com/article/2020/2153-8174/RCM2020264.shtml (Internet Archive)

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-technology-assessment-in-.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://sisptandil.gob.ar/contenido/modulos/uploads/1620909535-7269.pdf (Internet Archive)

Australia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/treating-symptoms-at-home (Internet Archive)

https://clinicalevidence.net.au/wp-content/uploads/FLOWCHART-MANAGEMENT-OF-MILD.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/treatment (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19evidence.net.au/ (Internet Archive)

https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/L4Q5An/section/L6q73j (Internet Archive)

https://www.health.vic.gov.au/publications/covid-19-medications-for-at-risk-people-who-do-.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19evidence.net.au/ (Internet Archive)

https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/L4Q5An/section/L6q73j (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/treating-symptoms-at-home (Internet Archive)

https://clinicalevidence.net.au/wp-content/uploads/FLOWCHART-MANAGEMENT-OF-MILD.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/treatment (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-greg-hunt-mp/media/two-anti-viral-covid-19-tre.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/medications (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-greg-hunt-mp/media/two-anti-viral-covid-19-tre.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/covid-19/medications (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19evidence.net.au/ (Internet Archive)

https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/L4Q5An/section/L6q73j (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19evidence.net.au/ (Internet Archive)

https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/L4Q5An/section/L6q73j (Internet Archive)

https://www.tga.gov.au/media-release/tga-provisionally-approves-glaxosmithklines-covid-19-.. (Internet Archive)

Austria

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Azerbaijan

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://its.gov.az/files/9/Yetkin_shexslerin_mualicesi_protokol.pdf (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://its.gov.az/files/9/Yetkin_shexslerin_mualicesi_protokol.pdf (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://its.gov.az/files/9/Yetkin_shexslerin_mualicesi_protokol.pdf (Internet Archive)

Bahrain

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.bh/News/Details/4861 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.bh/News/Details/4180 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1260588201179144193 (Internet Archive)

https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/gulf/2020/03/26/Bahrain-one-of-the-first-countries-t.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.gulf-insider.com/coronavirus-bahrains-therapeutic-medication-proved-effective/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Marie94167358/status/1260661671816835082 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1256675338853072896 (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.bh/COVID19/Details/4964 (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://healthalert.gov.bh/en/article/News-627017 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.bh/News/Details/4809 (Internet Archive)

Bangladesh

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.covidlawlab.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Bangladesh_2020.11.05_Guideline_Nat.. (Internet Archive)

Convalescent Plasma - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.covidlawlab.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Bangladesh_2020.11.05_Guideline_Nat.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-to-supply-hcq-to-nepal.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7376594/ (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/pavannair/status/1272219662722363392 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://twitter.com/audowla/status/1356958164512604161 (Internet Archive)

https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/news/shield-those-waiting-covishield-2052277 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-57011/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://rcm.imrpress.com/article/2020/2153-8174/RCM2020264.shtml (Internet Archive)

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.03.01.22271740v1 (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.covidlawlab.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Bangladesh_2020.11.05_Guideline_Nat.. (Internet Archive)

Belarus

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://twitter.com/NNeanderMedical/status/1269683561147305985 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/jtyoung18/status/1258279092010586113 (Internet Archive)

https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-to-receive-potential-effective-drug-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-suspends-use-of-chloroquine-for-covid-19-outside.. (Internet Archive)

Belgium

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/2023-03/COVID-19_InterimGuidelines_Treatment_ENG.p.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/2023-03/COVID-19_InterimGuidelines_Treatment_ENG.p.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/2023-03/COVID-19_InterimGuidelines_Treatment_ENG.p.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/2023-03/COVID-19_InterimGuidelines_Treatment_ENG.p.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

https://kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/2023-03/COVID-19_InterimGuidelines_Treatment_ENG.p.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/2023-03/COVID-19_InterimGuidelines_Treatment_ENG.p.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Belize

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - used for serious cases - Dec 18, 2020

https://www.breakingbelizenews.com/2020/12/18/ministry-of-health-now-using-ivermectin-to-t.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

Benin

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.gouv.bj/article/589/riposte-benin-covid-19-came-receptionne-important-chloroqu.. (Internet Archive)

https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-023-08445-z (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/130474874754141798..

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Bolivia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/component/jdownloads/?task=download.send&id=664:guia-para-el-m.. (Internet Archive)

Convalescent Plasma - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/component/jdownloads/?task=download.send&id=664:guia-para-el-m.. (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/component/jdownloads/?task=download.send&id=664:guia-para-el-m.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://trialsitenews.com/bolivian-region-authorizes-ivermectin-as-treatment-against-covid.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xy85K1hENn4 (Internet Archive)

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02958-2 (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.minsalud.gob.bo/component/jdownloads/?task=download.send&id=664:guia-para-el-m.. (Internet Archive)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19.fmoh.gov.ba/uploads/files/SMJERNICE%20ZA%20LIJE%C4%8CENJE%20OBOLJELIH%20OD.. (Internet Archive)

Proxalutamide - official - used in some regions

https://www.bloomberg.com/press-releases/2022-03-25/kintor-pharma-announces-2021-business-.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19.fmoh.gov.ba/uploads/files/SMJERNICE%20ZA%20LIJE%C4%8CENJE%20OBOLJELIH%20OD.. (Internet Archive)

Botswana

Ivermectin - unofficial - mixed usage

https://twitter.com/SkipTheHype/status/1433334809833652224 (Internet Archive)

Brazil

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/assuntos/covid-19/publicacoes-tecnicas/evidencias-cientific.. (Internet Archive)

https://portalcovid19.saude.rn.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Protocolo-Tratamento-SESA.. (Internet Archive)

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.scielo.br/j/bjmbr/a/F7nLJzptrw8XNKgPkNkT8cy/# (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.scielo.br/j/bjmbr/a/F7nLJzptrw8XNKgPkNkT8cy/# (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in some regions - Jan 26, 2021

https://terrabrasilnoticias.com/2021/01/associacao-medica-do-rn-defende-tratamento-precoce.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/135403342454633676..

https://www.fatonews.com.br/estado-nao-adotara-protocolo-com-hidroxicloroquina-e-ivermecti.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/127973544036339712..

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://valorinternational.globo.com/economy/news/2022/05/04/health-regulator-approves-msd.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/Brazil-ANVISA-Authorizes-Sale-of-Paxlovid-in-Pharmacie.. (Internet Archive)

https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/saude/noticia/2022-03/anvisa-approves-new-drug-treatme.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://globalregulatorypartners.com/brazils-anvisa-approves-new-remdesivir-indication-for.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA730415849&sid=sitemap&v=2.1&it=r&p=HRCA&sw=w&userGr.. (Internet Archive)

Bulgaria

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.gov.bg/bg/prestsentar/novini/natsionalen-operativen-plan-za-spravyane-s-pandem.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.economic.bg/web/files/richeditor/marketing-authorization-ial.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

https://www.dunavmost.com/novini/horata-masovo-kupuvat-ivermektin-ot-aptekite (Internet Archive)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdTmplAe1Gs (Internet Archive)

https://darik.news/en/people-buy-ivermectin-en-masse-from-pharmacies-medicines.html (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/ivermectin-debate-intensifies-in-portugal-as-use-as-prophylaxis-.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://bnr.bg/en/post/101562646/bulgaria-provides-funding-for-three-new-medicines-used-fo.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://bnr.bg/en/post/101562646/bulgaria-provides-funding-for-three-new-medicines-used-fo.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.gov.bg/bg/prestsentar/novini/natsionalen-operativen-plan-za-spravyane-s-pandem.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.gov.bg/bg/prestsentar/novini/natsionalen-operativen-plan-za-spravyane-s-pandem.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Burkina Faso

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971222001114 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604637/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/senegal/ces-pays-africains-qui-ont-decide-de-con.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/doctors-insist-this-drug-is-a-proven-safe-inexpensive-ke.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.theafricareport.com/26264/coronavirus-didier-raoult-the-african-and-chloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

Burundi

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Cambodia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://data.opendevelopmentcambodia.net/en/library_record/guideline-for-the-management-an.. (Internet Archive)

Famotidine - official - country-wide adoption

https://data.opendevelopmentcambodia.net/en/library_record/guideline-for-the-management-an.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://data.opendevelopmentcambodia.net/en/library_record/guideline-for-the-management-an.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://trialsitenews.com/ivermectin-included-in-national-government-protocol-for-treating.. (Internet Archive)

https://data.opendevelopmentcambodia.net/en/library_record/guideline-for-the-management-an.. (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Cameroon

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666991923000751 (Internet Archive)

http://www.eiforces.gov.cm/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/RASI-002-VF.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.france24.com/en/20200503-covid-19-in-cameroon-a-chloroquine-therapy-hailed-by-.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.voanews.com/science-health/coronavirus-outbreak/cameroon-begins-large-scale-ch.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/125762638478205337..

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.france24.com/fr/20200502-covid-19-au-cameroun-la-m%C3%A9thode-raoult-%C3%A9rig.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Canada

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/a7bd7e64-d3d8-459a-8906-c4c9c8c704dd (Internet Archive)

https://www.quebec.ca/en/health/health-issues/a-z/2019-coronavirus/self-care-guide-covid-1.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/how-to-treat-covid-19-sick-at-home-1.5501939 (Internet Archive)

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/ (Internet Archive)

https://healthycanadians.gc.ca/recall-alert-rappel-avis/hc-sc/2020/74573a-eng.php (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - isolated use

https://covid19-sciencetable.ca/sciencebrief/evidence-based-use-of-therapeutics-for-ambula.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/ (Internet Archive)

https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detailTwo.html?linkID=RDS.. (Internet Archive)

Fluvoxamine - official - isolated use

https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/ontario-becomes-the-first-province-to-list-fluvo.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/paxlovid/product-details (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://jammi.utpjournals.press/doi/10.3138/jammi-2023-12-07 (Internet Archive)

https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/ (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid-vaccine.canada.ca/info/regulatory-decision-summary-detailTwo.html?linkID=RDS.. (Internet Archive)

Central African Republic

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Chad

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/senegal/ces-pays-africains-qui-ont-decide-de-con.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Chile

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://twitter.com/cnnavarro1/status/1272207814749020160 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/126540080150731571..

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/veronicariveroc/status/1270558291714867200 (Internet Archive)

China

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://m.gmw.cn/baijia/2022-12/08/1303218036.html (Internet Archive)

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1751614739353600139 (Internet Archive)

Amubarvimab/romlusevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11080886 (Internet Archive)

Aspirin - official - country-wide adoption

https://m.gmw.cn/baijia/2022-12/08/1303218036.html (Internet Archive)

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1751614739353600139 (Internet Archive)

Atilotrelvir - official - country-wide adoption

http://jcps.bjmu.edu.cn/EN/10.5246/jcps.2024.11.078 (Internet Archive)

Azvudine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-02050-x (Internet Archive)

https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11080886 (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

Bromhexine - official - country-wide adoption

https://m.gmw.cn/baijia/2022-12/08/1303218036.html (Internet Archive)

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1751614739353600139 (Internet Archive)

Convalescent Plasma - official - country-wide adoption

http://rs.yiigle.com/CN101723202101/1317749.htm (Internet Archive)

https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11080886 (Internet Archive)

Deuremidevir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.junshipharma.com/en/%E5%90%9B%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%83%E5%.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption - CQ is used instead of HCQ

http://rs.yiigle.com/CN101723202101/1317749.htm (Internet Archive)

https://www.chinalawtranslate.com/en/coronavirus-treatment-plan-7/ (Internet Archive)

http://rs.yiigle.com/yufabiao/1246637.htm (Internet Archive)

https://www.archyde.com/china-approves-chloroquine-instead-of-hydroxychloroquine-against-c.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202004.0207/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7653p/202008/0a7bdf12bd4b46e5bd28ca7f9a7f5e5a.shtml (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/rn_american/status/1272812657142349826 (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://m.gmw.cn/baijia/2022-12/08/1303218036.html (Internet Archive)

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1751614739353600139 (Internet Archive)

Leritrelvir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ccfdie.org/en/gzdt/webinfo/2023/04/1681338185190229.htm (Internet Archive)

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(23)00536-9/fulltext (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/china-grants-conditional-appro.. (Internet Archive)

https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11080886 (Internet Archive)

N-acetylcysteine - official - country-wide adoption

https://m.gmw.cn/baijia/2022-12/08/1303218036.html (Internet Archive)

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1751614739353600139 (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/china-gives-conditional-approv.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202203/1254983.shtml (Internet Archive)

https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11080886 (Internet Archive)

Probiotics - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934664/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

http://rs.yiigle.com/CN101723202101/1317749.htm (Internet Archive)

Xiannuoxin - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.simcere.com/en/news/detail.aspx?mtt=315 (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

Colombia

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in many regions

https://rcm.imrpress.com/article/2020/2153-8174/RCM2020264.shtml (Internet Archive)

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02958-2 (Internet Archive)

Congo

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Costa Rica

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://ticotimes.net/2020/06/15/news-briefs-reopening-plans-on-track-hydroxychloroquine-u.. (Internet Archive)

https://qcostarica.com/hydroxychloroquine-the-drug-costa-rica-uses-successfully-to-fight-c.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1256675338853072896 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/126483740680244428..

https://twitter.com/drakerich/status/1284219391140343809 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/badlandj/status/1267509994368503814 (Internet Archive)

Croatia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Cuba

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19cubadata.github.io/protocols.html (Internet Archive)

https://covid19cubadata.github.io/protocolos/protocolo-version-6.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://pleno.news/saude/coronavirus/cuba-se-destaca-no-combate-a-covid-com-hidroxicloroqu.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/cuba-early-hydroxychloroquine-potent-against-covid-19/19.. (Internet Archive)

Cyprus

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Czechia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://news.expats.cz/weekly-czech-news/czech-health-ministry-permits-temporary-use-of-hy.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://www.mzcr.cz/rozhodnuti-o-docasnem-povoleni-neregistrovaneho-humanniho-leciveho-pri.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1257696987576557568 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - isolated use - authorized, but reportedly almost no use

https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/invermektin-v-cesku-konci-ministerstvo-mu-neda-dalsi-vy.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/clanek/ivermektin-bude-moci-jit-do-vsech-lekaren-40353842 (Internet Archive)

https://www.sukl.cz/leciva/informace-o-povoleni-pouzivani-neregistrovaneho-leciveho-5 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mzcr.cz/rozhodnuti-o-docasnem-povoleni-distribuce-vydeje-a-pouzivani-neregistr.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mzcr.cz/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Rozhodnut%C3%AD-o-do%C4%8Dasn%C3%A9m-povole.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.respekt.cz/rozhovor/nasim-pacientum-ivermektin-pomohl-obavy-chapu-ale-nemyslim.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/clanek/brnenska-nemocnice-dostala-ivermektin-pro-25-tisic-pa.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Côte d'Ivoire

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

DR Congo

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/103/6/article-p2419.xml (Internet Archive)

Denmark

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Djibouti

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1189839.shtml (Internet Archive)

https://face2faceafrica.com/article/djibouti-others-warned-about-chloroquine-despite-big-c.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/djibouti-treating-all-covid-patients-chloroquine.. (Internet Archive)

Dominican Republic

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - Sep 30, 2020

https://twitter.com/Estoi_ko/status/1355493236614303746 (Internet Archive)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6gsk8irBps (Internet Archive)

Ecuador

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4210389 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/126605926375297024..

https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/del-desastre-a-la-victoria-como-guayaquil-vencio-al-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - mixed usage

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4210389 (Internet Archive)

Egypt

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption - Nov 30, 2020

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption - Nov 30, 2020

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.beegsonews.com/egypt-reveals-results-of-hydroxychloroquine-with-people-with-co.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/83104/Egypt-uses-chloroquine-in-treating-COVID-19-pat.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://twitter.com/wsheap/status/1270431986759467009 (Internet Archive)

https://wwww.dailynewssegypt.com/2020/05/30/egypt-still-uses-hcq-for-treating-some-covid-1.. (Internet Archive)

https://madamasr.com/en/2020/04/13/feature/economy/as-covid-19-panic-builds-pharmacy-shelv.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/sagleyos/status/1274505486180782080 (Internet Archive)

https://m.saudi24.news/2020/06/egypt-reveals-results-of-hydroxychloroquine-with-people-wit.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - Nov 30, 2020

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

Lactoferrin - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.elwatannews.com/data/iframe/pdf/17175200761591035127.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/112456/Egypt%E2%80%99s-Health-Ministry-announces-7th-.. (Internet Archive)

https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/456859.aspx (Internet Archive)

N-acetylcysteine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/112456/Egypt%E2%80%99s-Health-Ministry-announces-7th-.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.edaegypt.gov.eg/media/1peaqzwg/dhpc-paxlovid.pdf (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption - Nov 30, 2020

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/112456/Egypt%E2%80%99s-Health-Ministry-announces-7th-.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption - Nov 30, 2020

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.elwatannews.com/data/iframe/pdf/17175200761591035127.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption - Nov 30, 2020

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345813633_Management_Protocol_for_COVID-19_Patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.elwatannews.com/data/iframe/pdf/17175200761591035127.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1209286/full (Internet Archive)

El Salvador

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/SecPrensaSV/status/1252367780407435264 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.agenciaocote.com/blog/2020/08/25/el-salvador-guatemala-y-bolivia-ofrecen-kits-.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Eritrea

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Estonia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Ethiopia

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

Finland

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

France

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-reports-that-the-french-health-minis.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Gabon

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

Germany

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - unofficial - used in some regions

https://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/054-054l_S1_Neues_CORONA_Virus_2021-08.pdf (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Fluvoxamine - unofficial - used in some regions

https://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/054-054l_S1_Neues_CORONA_Virus_2021-08.pdf (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://twitter.com/AndreasShrugged/status/1295790850790895621 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://blogs.mediapart.fr/brigitte-pascall/blog/211020/lallemagne-massivement-utilise-lhy.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/covid-19-deutsche-aerzte-verschrieben-von-donald-trump-e.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/pavannair/status/1289884254365655043 (Internet Archive)

https://rp-online.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/corona-krise-bayer-spendet-acht-millionen-chlo.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de/news/artikel/2020/04/06/bfarm-keine-ambulanten-o.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.pressenza.com/fr/2020/07/vaincre-la-peur-la-voie-du-movimento-ippocrate/ (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/AndreasShrugged/status/1295752761095618569 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Munchensenton/status/1286659832741867520 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Lerianis1/status/1288039709218922496 (Internet Archive)

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-hydroxychloroquine/germany-pauses-an.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - isolated use - Dec 31, 2020

https://www.barmherzige-muenchen.de/medien/meldungen/artikel/global-partner-flccc-alliance.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.br.de/mediathek/video/covid-19-therapie-hoffnungsschimmer-aus-muenchen-av:607c.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tobias-reiss.de/trans_1_4_1839_Wirkstoff-Ivermectin-CSU-Fraktion-will-Therapie.. (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/113-001 (Internet Archive)

https://register.awmf.org/assets/guidelines/113-001l_S3_Empfehlungen-zur-Therapie-von-Pati.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/113-001 (Internet Archive)

https://register.awmf.org/assets/guidelines/113-001l_S3_Empfehlungen-zur-Therapie-von-Pati.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Ghana

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://africafeeds.com/2020/04/01/ghana-kenya-approve-use-of-chloroquine-to-treat-covid-1.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/series/37/1/9/full/ (Internet Archive)

https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/national/chloroquine-potent-for-covid-19-prevention-says-.. (Internet Archive)

Proxalutamide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.bloomberg.com/press-releases/2022-03-25/kintor-pharma-announces-2021-business-.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Greece

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-global-controversy-greece-chloroquine.html (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://www.barrons.com/news/amid-global-controversy-greece-moves-forward-with-chloroquine.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.afrik.com/edouard-philippe-emporte-par-le-covid-didier-raoult-l-hydroxychloroq.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Guatemala

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - Jan 23, 2021

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/138442744887244390..

https://twitter.com/BohemioAl/status/1353053315408539648 (Internet Archive)

https://www.agenciaocote.com/blog/2020/08/25/el-salvador-guatemala-y-bolivia-ofrecen-kits-.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Guinea

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://mosaiqueguinee.com/traitement-des-malades-de-covid19-en-guinee-nous-continuons-ave.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Guinea-Bissau

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Honduras

Colchicine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.05.21267318v1 (Internet Archive)

https://medwinpublishers.com/EIJ/early-multidrug-treatment-of-sars-cov-2-covid-19-and-decr.. (Internet Archive)

Fluvoxamine - official - mixed usage

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.09.27.22280428 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.05.21267318v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.laprensa.hn/honduras/1407904-410/unas-5000-personas-se-han-salvado-gracias-a-t.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/MsAnaMcCarthy/status/1266043132115902465 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/126486356150501785..

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - Apr 23, 2020

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/honduras-treatment-for-covid-19-stands-out-worldw.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(21)00024-9/fulltext (Internet Archive)

https://www.facebook.com/noticierohoymismo/videos/512243633070709/ (Internet Archive)

https://8days.org/success-in-honduras (Internet Archive)

https://www.voxpopulihn.com/sesal-implementar-ivermectina-como-tratamiento-preventivo-cont.. (Internet Archive)

https://medwinpublishers.com/EIJ/early-multidrug-treatment-of-sars-cov-2-covid-19-and-decr.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.05.21267318v1 (Internet Archive)

https://medwinpublishers.com/EIJ/early-multidrug-treatment-of-sars-cov-2-covid-19-and-decr.. (Internet Archive)

Hong Kong

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Hungary

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://koronavirus.gov.hu/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/imce/magyar_koronavirus.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://koronavirus.gov.hu/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/imce/magyar_koronavirus.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://koronavirus.gov.hu/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/imce/magyar_koronavirus.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://koronavirus.gov.hu/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/imce/magyar_koronavirus.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://koronavirus.gov.hu/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/imce/magyar_koronavirus.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Iceland

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://grapevine.is/news/2020/03/31/iceland-expects-huge-shipment-of-anti-malarial-drug-t.. (Internet Archive)

https://grapevine.is/news/2020/05/27/hydroxychloroquine-covid-19-treatment-halted-after-le.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/GauteNilsen/status/1265054391884791808 (Internet Archive)

India

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fortunejournals.com/articles/the-efficacy-of-a-plant-based-formulation-in-the-.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-11/State-practices-on-home-based-care-for.. (Internet Archive)

https://himachal.nic.in/WriteReadData/l892s/19_l892s/23%20(1)-29819237.pdf (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption

https://transformingindia.mygov.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Guidelines-for-Home-Isolatio.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/UpdatedDetailedClinicalManagementProtocolforCOVID19adultsdate.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/138770936838954598..

https://gpni.co.uk/hsc-updates/hssmd-29-2021-covid-19-therapeutic-alert-inhaled-budesonide.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - mixed usage

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/138770936838954598..

https://trialsitenews.com/vietnam-ministry-of-health-includes-still-investigational-molnup.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.abbott.in/corpnewsroom/diagnostics/abbott-launches-favipiravir-in-india.html (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.icmr.gov.in/pdf/covid/techdoc/COVID19_Management_Algorithm_22042021_v1.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.25.20237883v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30313-3/fulltext (Internet Archive)

https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/maharashtra-expands-use-of-hydroxychloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Billtheicon/status/1262508966321496066 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://www.oneindia.com/india/no-covid-19-death-in-manipur-mizoram-nagaland-sikkim-so-far.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.facebook.com/groups/hydroxychloroquine/permalink/2367454293560817/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.msn.com/en-ph/news/world/india-backs-hydroxychloroquine-for-virus-prevention/a.. (Internet Archive)

https://aapsonline.org/hcq-90-percent-chance/ (Internet Archive)

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/vadodara-administration-drive-hcq-helping-in-conta.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/RevisedHomeIsolationGuidelines.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/coronavirus-india-and-indonesia-stand-by-antimalari.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in many regions

https://trialsitenews.com/icmr-includes-ivermectin-for-covid-19-indication-in-national-lis.. (Internet Archive)

https://zeenews.india.com/india/covid-19-uttarakhand-government-to-distribute-ivermectin-t.. (Internet Archive)

https://transformingindia.mygov.in/covid19/guidelines-for-home-isolation-of-mild-asymptoma.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/RevisedguidelinesforHomeIsolationofmildasymptomaticCOVID19cas.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.27.21264070v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.24.21261007v3 (Internet Archive)

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.25.20237883v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3sNBbakpB0 (Internet Archive)

https://www.icmr.gov.in/pdf/covid/techdoc/COVID19_Management_Algorithm_22042021_v1.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://transformingindia.mygov.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Guidelines-for-Home-Isolatio.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Bhashyam1987/status/1390312774769598464 (Internet Archive)

https://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/20126/0/MoPR-Advisory+on+SoPs+on+COVID-19+Containme.. (Internet Archive)

https://transformingindia.mygov.in/covid19/clinical-guidance-for-management-of-adult-covid.. (Internet Archive)

https://transformingindia.mygov.in/covid-19/?type=en§or=govt-advisories (Internet Archive)

https://www.deshgujarat.com/2021/04/22/live-ivermectin-and-fevipiravir-added-to-clinical-p.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/138770936838954598..

https://web.archive.org/web/20201004145236/http://dgmhup.gov.in/DocumentsCovid19/1621.pdf

https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/uploaded_files/corona/WB_Covid_protocol_book_25.09_.20_(1)_.pd.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/drakchaurasia/status/1383102960788402177 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/OutOfTheDarkAge/status/1340555345895202817 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/an-unlikely-nation-is-kicking-this-pandemic-guess-which-then-why.. (Internet Archive)

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/coronavirus-pandemic-covid-vaccine-track.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0975947622000183 (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.thequint.com/coronavirus/faq/pill-for-coronavirus-molnupiravir-approved-in-uk-.. (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-canadian-company-sanotizes-covid-19-treatme.. (Internet Archive)

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - isolated use

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/138770936838954598..

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ihs.gov/sites/nptc/themes/responsive2017/display_objects/documents/covid/NPTC-.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fortunejournals.com/articles/the-efficacy-of-a-plant-based-formulation-in-the-.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-11/State-practices-on-home-based-care-for.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fortunejournals.com/articles/the-efficacy-of-a-plant-based-formulation-in-the-.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-11/State-practices-on-home-based-care-for.. (Internet Archive)

Indonesia

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - mixed usage

https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/coronavirus-india-and-indonesia-stand-by-antimalari.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-indonesia-chloroqu/exclusive-indones.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/sagleyos/status/1274856392902533120 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/sagleyos/status/1274992969549037569 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/sagleyos/status/1274505486180782080 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - mixed usage

https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210621181555-4-254839/ivermectin-dapat-izin-bpom-obat.. (Internet Archive)

https://en.tempo.co/read/1483423/bpom-approves-ivermectin-as-covid-19-therapeutic-drug (Internet Archive)

https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1475110/terpopuler-bisnis-obat-covid-ivermectin-resmi-dirilis.. (Internet Archive)

https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1475161/erick-thohir-genjot-produksi-ivermectin-4-juta-per-bu.. (Internet Archive)

https://jateng.tribunnews.com/2021/06/07/ivermectin-obat-yang-dipercaya-mampu-kalahkan-cov.. (Internet Archive)

https://nusantara.rmol.id/read/2021/06/30/494371/bantu-penanggulangan-covid-19-ia-itb-inis.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-approves-mercks-covid-19-pill-emergen.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Iran

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://treatment.sbmu.ac.ir/uploads/oldfile/treatment_covid19-11.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://treatment.sbmu.ac.ir/Diagnosis-and-treatment-of-corona-disease (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7498537/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - mixed usage - now manufacturing their own ivermectin, but the level of usage is unclear

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2049080121007299 (Internet Archive)

https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/457126/Iran-begins-production-of-new-anti-corona-medicine (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://parsianpharma.com/molnupiravir-may-be-effective/ (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9585804/https://treatment.sbmu.ac.ir/uploads/.. (Internet Archive)

Ireland

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Israel

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.timesofisrael.com/malaria-drug-stockpiled-by-israel-shows-no-benefit-in-virus-.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/anatoly/status/1295791524131766273 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/JudyBreton/status/1293768018087104513 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/125694996903621427..

https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-israel-preparing-to-use-unapproved-medication.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/more-evidence-presented-for-why-hydroxychloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-04/09/c_138961933.htm (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/LukeMor19529310/status/1271442135720615938 (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210708005228/en/SaNOtize%E2%80%99s-Anti-Viral-Tre.. (Internet Archive)

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/israel-offer-astrazenecas-evus.. (Internet Archive)

Italy

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40520-023-02373-3 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8430/3/1/15 (Internet Archive)

https://www.aifa.gov.it/documents/20142/1616529/EN_Raccomandazioni_AIFA_gestione_domicilia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aifa.gov.it/documents/20142/1616529/EN_Raccomandazioni_AIFA_gestione_domicilia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.corriere.it/salute/malattie_infettive/22_febbraio_04/paxlovid-molnupiravir-486.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.corriere.it/salute/malattie_infettive/22_febbraio_04/paxlovid-molnupiravir-486.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.aifa.gov.it/documents/20142/1616529/EN_Raccomandazioni_AIFA_gestione_domicilia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.corriere.it/salute/malattie_infettive/22_febbraio_04/paxlovid-molnupiravir-486.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.aifa.gov.it/documents/20142/1616529/EN_Raccomandazioni_AIFA_gestione_domicilia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29https://www.acep.org/siteassets/images/italian-guide.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aifa.gov.it/documents/20142/1616529/EN_Raccomandazioni_AIFA_gestione_domicilia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aifa.gov.it/documents/20142/1616529/EN_Raccomandazioni_AIFA_gestione_domicilia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Jamaica

Ivermectin - official - isolated use - authorized for off-label use, availability delayed

https://trialsitenews.com/jamaica-public-hospitals-approach-the-brink-while-ivermectin-shi.. (Internet Archive)

Japan

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.roche.com/media/releases/med-cor-2021-07-20.htm (Internet Archive)

Ensitrelvir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.shionogi.com/global/en/news/2022/11/e20221122.html (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651642/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in some regions - May 18, 2020

https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/choken/kijironko/cknews/20210818-OYT8T50030/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/choken/kijironko/cknews/20210427-OYT8T50019/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOFB25AAL0V20C21A1000000/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/000646531.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://lecourrierdesstrateges.fr/2021/08/30/le-japon-prend-partie-pour-livermectine-dans-.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/brenontheroad/status/1431112472958685186 (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.kyorin-pharm.co.jp/en/news/Co-promotion%20agreement%20in%20Japan%20for%20oral%.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651642/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651642/ (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8857764/ (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/japan-approves-gsks-sotrovimab.. (Internet Archive)

Kenya

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://africafeeds.com/2020/04/01/ghana-kenya-approve-use-of-chloroquine-to-treat-covid-1.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.nation.co.ke/kenya/healthy-nation/contentious-malaria-drug-lifesaver-733442 (Internet Archive)

Latvia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Lebanon

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - Jan 27, 2021

https://twitter.com/Estoi_ko/status/1355493236614303746 (Internet Archive)

Lithuania

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Luxembourg

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://today.rtl.lu/news/luxembourg/a/1553869.html (Internet Archive)

https://sante.public.lu/fr/espace-professionnel/recommandations/conseil-maladies-infectieu.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Madagascar

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Malaysia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid-19.moh.gov.my/garis-panduan/garis-panduan-kkm/ANNEX-2E-CLINICAL-MANAGEMENT-O.. (Internet Archive)

https://covid-19.moh.gov.my/garis-panduan/garis-panduan-kkm/ANNEX-2m-Guideline-on-Home-Mon.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-14/malaysia-conditionally-approves-ronapre.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/06/05/dr-noor-hisham-health-ministry-has-begun.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-india-malaysia-exc/exclusive-india-a.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/covid-19-malaysia-hydroxychloroquine-still-using.. (Internet Archive)

https://codeblue.galencentre.org/2020/06/09/malaysia-finds-hydroxychloroquine-can-slow-cov.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/03/29/chloroquine-used-to-treat-covid-19-pati.. (Internet Archive)

https://codeblue.galencentre.org/2020/06/22/malaysia-drops-hydroxychloroquine-from-covid-1.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/06/602538/dr-noor-hisham-malaysia-drops-use-hydrox.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1261701176665337857 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - isolated use

https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2021/06/25/hospitals-can-apply-for-off-l.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/06/05/dr-noor-hisham-health-ministry-has-begun.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210708005228/en/SaNOtize%E2%80%99s-Anti-Viral-Tre.. (Internet Archive)

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Mali

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

Malta

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Mauritania

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

Mauritius

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Mexico

Ivermectin - official - mixed usage - Dec 29, 2020

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BDNIripe02U (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/jjchamie/status/1354111609803743232 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Estoi_ko/status/1355493236614303746 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/135941795432938291..

https://lopezdoriga.com/nacional/secretaria-de-salud-actualizara-lineamientos-de-atencion-.. (Internet Archive)

https://poplab.mx/article/OficializaSaludGuanajuatotratamientoanticovid19conivermectinapes.. (Internet Archive)

https://rcm.imrpress.com/article/2020/2153-8174/RCM2020264.shtml (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/mexico-grants-emergency-use-ap.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/mexico-approves-emergency-use-pfizers-covid-19-pill.. (Internet Archive)

Morocco

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.afrik.com/covid-19-pourquoi-les-marocains-decedent-plus-en-europe-qu-au-maroc (Internet Archive)

https://www.theafricareport.com/26264/coronavirus-didier-raoult-the-african-and-chloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.afrik.com/edouard-philippe-emporte-par-le-covid-didier-raoult-l-hydroxychloroq.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2020/06/306587/moroccan-scientist-moroccos-chloroquine-su.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://al-bab.com/blog/2020/05/covid-19-algeria-and-morocco-continue-using-chloroquine-de.. (Internet Archive)

https://northafricapost.com/41247-morocco-continues-use-of-chloroquine-despite-controversy.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.challenge.ma/coronavirus-ce-que-le-maroc-a-reussi-144484/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/senegal/ces-pays-africains-qui-ont-decide-de-con.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Marie94167358/status/1260661671816835082 (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/morocco-authorizes-mercks-molnupiravir-covid-19-2022-.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.newarab.com/news/morocco-authorizes-covid-antiviral-pill-amid-omicron-surge (Internet Archive)

Mozambique

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Namibia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Netherlands

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

New Zealand

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.healthnavigator.org.nz/health-a-z/c/covid-19-positive-managing-your-symptoms/ (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/pages/therapeutics_tag_position_statemen.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.health.govt.nz/news-media/media-releases/new-covid-19-drug-approved-can-treat-.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19.health.nz/advice/i-have-covid-19/medicines-treat-covid-19 (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://covid19.health.nz/advice/i-have-covid-19/medicines-treat-covid-19 (Internet Archive)

Nicaragua

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption - Jan 25, 2021

https://www.laprensa.com.ni/2021/01/25/nacionales/2776166-minsa-acude-a-la-ivermectina-par.. (Internet Archive)

Niger

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

Nigeria

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://twitter.com/nosamagbe/status/1261706460750364672 (Internet Archive)

https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/06/covid-19-nigerian-study-finds-chloroquine-hydroxychlor.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/RobinJHelmholdt/status/1281080419241332738 (Internet Archive)

https://medicalworldnigeria.com/post/Chloroquine-Potent-For-COVID-19-Prevention-Says-NAFDA.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.westafricanpilotnews.com/2020/08/26/chloroquine-cqb-treat-coronavirus-at-early.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/nigeria-goes-on-with-hydroxychloroquine-clinical-trials/18.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/senegal/ces-pays-africains-qui-ont-decide-de-con.. (Internet Archive)

https://guardian.ng/news/nigeria/national/chloroquine-potent-for-covid-19-prevention-says-.. (Internet Archive)

https://nigerianewsworld.com/news/covid-19-jigawa-govt-reveals-secret-behind-mass-a-of-pat.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in many regions

https://www.francesoir.fr/videos-les-debriefings/pr-femi-babalola (Internet Archive)

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1373673/v1 (Internet Archive)

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36277966/ (Internet Archive)

North Macedonia

Ivermectin - official - mixed usage - Jan 15, 2021

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/135601675563060019..

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Estoi_ko/status/1355493236614303746 (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/ivermectin-debate-intensifies-in-portugal-as-use-as-prophylaxis-.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.unicef.org/northmacedonia/media/11086/file/COVID-19%20protocol,%20general%20po.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.unicef.org/northmacedonia/media/11086/file/COVID-19%20protocol,%20general%20po.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.unicef.org/northmacedonia/media/11086/file/COVID-19%20protocol,%20general%20po.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.unicef.org/northmacedonia/media/11086/file/COVID-19%20protocol,%20general%20po.. (Internet Archive)

Oman

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.moh.gov.om/documents/16539/0/Cir.+88+of+2020+-+DHPC+-+Hydroxyloroquine+Plaquen.. (Internet Archive)

Pakistan

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.pafmj.org/index.php/PAFMJ/article/view/4937 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/EduEngineer/status/1307077916191264768 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/OutOfTheDarkAge/status/1314607206575218694 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

http://covid.gov.pk/new_guidelines/04July2020_20200704_Clinical_Management_Guidelines_for_.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.opindia.com/2020/04/pakistan-hydroxychloroquine-india-coronavirus/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/667009-hcq-tablets-proving-effective-in-treatment-of-covi.. (Internet Archive)

https://arynews.tv/en/corona-expert-panel-dexamethasone-actemra/ (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Panama

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/128077261903439872..

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/129561886353571020..

https://sertv.gob.pa/nacionalfm/comunicado-185/ (Internet Archive)

https://panatimes.com/proposal-is-being-prepared-to-use-hydroxychloroquine-again-against-c.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/radiopanama/status/1281691420659679234 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.metrolibre.com/nacionales/192062-las-medicinas-que-componen-kit-de-covid.html (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Paraguay

Ivermectin - official - used in some regions

https://covid19criticalcare.com/ivermectin-in-covid-19/epidemiologic-analyses-on-covid19-a.. (Internet Archive)

Proxalutamide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.biospace.com/article/releases/kintor-pharmaceutical-receives-emergency-use-aut.. (Internet Archive)

Peru

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37225261/ (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in some regions - was widely used but later restricted, a study shows 14x reduction in excess deaths when used and 13x increase when restricted - May 8, 2020

https://trialsitenews.com/ivermectin-for-covid-19-in-peru-14-fold-reduction-in-nationwide-.. (Internet Archive)

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3765018 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

https://larepublica.pe/sociedad/2021/02/06/gobernador-regional-de-piura-promueve-consumo-d.. (Internet Archive)

https://rcm.imrpress.com/article/2020/2153-8174/RCM2020264.shtml (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.navlindaily.com/article/10655/peru-s-digemid-grants-conditional-approval-to-mo.. (Internet Archive)

Philippines

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://doh.gov.ph/COVID-19/FAQs (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - isolated use

https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1153246 (Internet Archive)

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1428808/ivermectin-gets-fda-nod-for-human-consumption (Internet Archive)

https://news.abs-cbn.com/video/news/04/08/21/ph-fda-grants-hospital-compassionate-use-perm.. (Internet Archive)

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1412505/doctors-hospitals-may-apply-for-compassionate-use-of.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/137644144848529817..

https://tribune.net.ph/index.php/2021/03/23/expert-vows-drive-on-ivermectin-merit/ (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Poland

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption - Apr 26, 2021

https://www.mp.pl/paim/issue/article/15979/ (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/aotmit/status/1387775699382059012 (Internet Archive)

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/aktualnosci/najnowsze/wziewny-budezonid-w-leczeniu-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/media/2022/03/Farmakoterapia-COVID-19-Aktualizacja-wersja-3.0-28-l.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Fluvoxamine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/media/2022/03/Farmakoterapia-COVID-19-Aktualizacja-wersja-3.0-28-l.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/media/2022/03/Farmakoterapia-COVID-19-Aktualizacja-wersja-3.0-28-l.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/media/2022/03/Farmakoterapia-COVID-19-Aktualizacja-wersja-3.0-28-l.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mp.pl/paim/issue/article/15979/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/media/2022/03/Farmakoterapia-COVID-19-Aktualizacja-wersja-3.0-28-l.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.aotm.gov.pl/media/2022/03/Farmakoterapia-COVID-19-Aktualizacja-wersja-3.0-28-l.. (Internet Archive)

Portugal

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://zap.aeiou.pt/portugal-nao-recomenda-hidroxicloroquina-328362 (Internet Archive)

https://www.portugalresident.com/covid-19-portugal-becomes-4th-country-to-suspend-use-of-h.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/125840883364026777..

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in some regions

https://www.portugalresident.com/portuguese-doctors-support-ivermectin-to-treat-early-sign.. (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/ivermectin-debate-intensifies-in-portugal-as-use-as-prophylaxis-.. (Internet Archive)

https://penacovactual.pt/2021/03/07/medicamento-para-piolhos-esta-a-ser-prescrito-contra-a.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Qatar

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1263731107578515457?s=20 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1256675338853072896 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.04.21.22274060v1.full.pdf (Internet Archive)

Romania

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://trialsitenews.com/romanian-government-issues-emergency-authorization-of-favipiravi.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Russia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/061/252/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/061/252/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

https://tass.com/society/1287237 (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://tass.com/society/1287237 (Internet Archive)

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/061/252/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/vietnam-ministry-of-health-includes-still-investigational-molnup.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/059/392/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/059/392/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/061/252/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/061/252/original/%D0%92%D.. (Internet Archive)

Rwanda

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Saudi Arabia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - formerly approved

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - formerly approved

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - mixed usage

https://twitter.com/cz2556/status/1271129151324422145 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1256675338853072896 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://twitter.com/gummibear737/status/1268180377488756748 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/3azoz_MD/status/1268701470175703040 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/126920936056942592..

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.moh.gov.sa/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/MOH-therapeutic-protoco.. (Internet Archive)

Senegal

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://wfuv.org/content/senegal-pledges-bed-every-coronavirus-patient-%E2%80%94-and-their.. (Internet Archive)

http://www.tellerreport.com/news/2020-05-02-coronavirus--a-study-in-senegal-confirms-the-e.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.africanews.com/2020/04/06/coronavirus-patients-on-chloroquine-heal-faster-sene.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-04-senegal-hydroxychloroquine-virus-treatment.html (Internet Archive)

https://www.afrik.com/edouard-philippe-emporte-par-le-covid-didier-raoult-l-hydroxychloroq.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.theafricareport.com/26264/coronavirus-didier-raoult-the-african-and-chloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mediterranee-infection.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/COVIDAfricaJOUMII.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/senegal/ces-pays-africains-qui-ont-decide-de-con.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1256675338853072896 (Internet Archive)

Seychelles

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Singapore

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8891349/ (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncid.sg/Health-Professionals/Diseases-and-Conditions/Documents/Treatment%20Gui.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-01249-8 (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncid.sg/Health-Professionals/Diseases-and-Conditions/Documents/Treatment%20Gui.. (Internet Archive)

Slovakia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - mixed usage - while approved, press has been divided, censorship is common, and access is limited but improving - Jan 27, 2021

https://trialsitenews.com/slovakia-authorized-ivermectin-then-what-happened/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.health.gov.sk/Zdroje?/Sources/kategorizacia/doku_kl/ziad_lieky/Ivermectin-tabl.. (Internet Archive)

https://spectator.sme.sk/c/22583299/use-of-parasite-medication-to-treat-coronavirus-patien.. (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/beyond-the-roundup-first-eu-nation-to-approve-ivermectin-for-cov.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.visegradgroup.eu/news/health-ministry-okays (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/135448292292604723..

https://twitter.com/Estoi_ko/status/1355493236614303746 (Internet Archive)

https://bratislava.zoznam.sk/kauza-ivermectin-zistovali-sme-kde-sa-da-zohnat-a-kedy-bude-k.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.novinky.cz/koronavirus/clanek/slovensky-prukopnik-lecby-ivermektinem-neni-naho.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.novinky.cz/domaci/clanek/primarka-letanovska-z-aro-lekari-nekdy-potrebuji-odva.. (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/ivermectin-debate-intensifies-in-portugal-as-use-as-prophylaxis-.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Slovenia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

South Africa

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.nicd.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/MANAGING-COVID19-2-FINAL_v3.35-DR-NDJEKA.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

South Korea

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://twitter.com/niro60487270/status/1256675338853072896 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/LukeMor19529310/status/1271442135720615938 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/rn_american/status/1272812657142349826 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/ProlongingCovid/status/1279874993153662977 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/businessriz/status/1261092622312955904 (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/skorea-gives-emergency-approva.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/skorea-emergency-approves-pfiz.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

South Sudan

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Spain

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://scrip.pharmaintelligence.informa.com/RS149854/Spain-Lists-Certain-OTCs-As-Essentia.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/1/142 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

N-acetylcysteine - official - country-wide adoption

https://scrip.pharmaintelligence.informa.com/RS149854/Spain-Lists-Certain-OTCs-As-Essentia.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sri Lanka

Ivermectin - official - mixed usage

https://www.clinicaltherapeutics.com/article/S0149-2918(24)00141-3/abstract (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

http://www.news.cn/english/2021-11/16/c_1310314890.htm (Internet Archive)

Sweden

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/press-release/ema-gives-advice-use-non-steroidal-an.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07853890.2022.2133162 (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586661/ (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Regdanvimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/regkirona (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-d.. (Internet Archive)

Switzerland

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/swissmedic-approves-roches-ron.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Thailand

Andrographolide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1452616/abst.. (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://aseannow.com/topic/1226926-thailand%E2%80%99s-medical-authorities-want-covid-19-pa.. (Internet Archive)

https://journal.seameotropmednetwork.org/index.php/jtropmed/article/view/490 (Internet Archive)

https://trialsitenews.com/vietnam-ministry-of-health-includes-still-investigational-molnup.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.authorea.com/doi/full/10.22541/au.164864881.18046394 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - isolated use

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/142029661398209742..

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Nitric Oxide - official - country-wide adoption

https://sanotize.com/technology/nasal-spray/faq/ (Internet Archive)

Togo

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Tunisia

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

https://www.france24.com/en/eye-on-africa/20200410-coronavirus-pandemic-tunisia-begins-man.. (Internet Archive)

Turkey

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://jag.journalagent.com/tjh/pdfs/TJH-22697-RESEARCH_ARTICLE-CIVRIZ_BOZDAG.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://jag.journalagent.com/nci/pdfs/NCI-60420-RESEARCH_ARTICLE-SURMELI.pdf (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/anti-viral-pill-to-be-used-in-covid-treatment-says-minis.. (Internet Archive)

USA

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/treatments-for-severe-illness.html (Internet Archive)

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-author.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/covid-19-guideline-treatment-and-management/ (Internet Archive)

Bebtelovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/media/156152/download (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-author.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/covid-19-guideline-treatment-and-management/ (Internet Archive)

Convalescent Plasma - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-issues-emergency-use-authorization.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/investigational-new-drug-applications-inds-cb.. (Internet Archive)

Fluvoxamine - unofficial - isolated use

https://covid19criticalcare.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/FLCCC-Alliance-I-MASKplus-Proto.. (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/treatments-for-severe-illness.html (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - unofficial - used in some regions - Oct 31, 2020

https://covid19criticalcare.com/i-mask-prophylaxis-treatment-protocol/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.evms.edu/media/evms_public/departments/internal_medicine/Marik_Critical_Care_C.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/DCGreenZone1/status/1386734599301181444 (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/134984139976887500..

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-author.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/covid-19-guideline-treatment-and-management/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-author.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Pemivibart - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/media/177067/download (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/tables/therapeutic-management-of-nonhospita.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/covid-19-guideline-treatment-and-management/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/media/149532/download (Internet Archive)

https://www.sotrovimab.com/hcp/clinical-safety-variant-info/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/covid-19-guideline-treatment-and-management/ (Internet Archive)

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.fda.gov/media/154701/download (Internet Archive)

Uganda

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

https://www.independent.co.ug/uganda-records-good-results-treating-COVID-with-hydroxychlor.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.dovepress.com/off-label-use-of-chloroquine-and-hydroxychloroquine-for-covid-19.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.publichealthinafrica.org/jphia/article/view/1931 (Internet Archive)

Ukraine

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://moz.gov.ua/uploads/7/35155-dn_2948_30_12_2021_dod.pdf (Internet Archive)

Aspirin - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

Bamlanivimab/etesevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://moz.gov.ua/uploads/7/35155-dn_2948_30_12_2021_dod.pdf (Internet Archive)

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://moz.gov.ua/uploads/7/35155-dn_2948_30_12_2021_dod.pdf (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://moz.gov.ua/uploads/7/35155-dn_2948_30_12_2021_dod.pdf (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2021_01_kn_covid-19.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

Melatonin - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-to-purchase-molnupiravir-pills-to-treat-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-authorizes-use-of-covid-19-drug-paxlovid-for-emergency.. (Internet Archive)

Quercetin - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://moz.gov.ua/uploads/7/35155-dn_2948_30_12_2021_dod.pdf (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - mixed usage

https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/koronavirusna-hvoroba-2019-covid-19/ (Internet Archive)

https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_12_21_kn_klinichne-vedennya-pacziye.. (Internet Archive)

United Arab Emirates

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://trialsitenews.com/favipiravir-sales-up-1567-in-just-2-quarters-as-uae-venture-supp.. (Internet Archive)

https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-022-07059-1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.dha.gov.ae/en/HealthRegulation/Documents/COVID%20National%20Guidelines%20FINAL.. (Internet Archive)

https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-022-07059-1 (Internet Archive)

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/abu-dhabi/combating-coronavirus-surge-in-recoveries-as-ua.. (Internet Archive)

https://gulfnews.com/uae/coronavirus-patient-in-dubai-i-feel-lucky-to-be-in-the-uae-they-a.. (Internet Archive)

https://english.alarabiya.net/en/coronavirus/2020/04/12/Coronavirus-UAE-says-it-is-success.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/13/2/29 (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.khaleejtimes.com/coronavirus-pandemic/covid-19-uae-releases-2-week-treatment-r.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.cdircovid19.gov.ao/index.php?secao=vernoticia&IDNoticia=177 (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.doh.gov.ae/en/news/DoH-encourages-the-community-to-boost-vitamin-D-levels (Internet Archive)

United Kingdom

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/self-care-and-treatments-for-coronaviru.. (Internet Archive)

https://dtb.bmj.com/content/58/5/69 (Internet Archive)

https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/L4Qb5n/section/jDmWqL (Internet Archive)

Budesonide - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.bbc.com/news/health-56717486 (Internet Archive)

https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/clinical-areas/respiratory/gps-can-prescribe-asthma-medi.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.04.10.21254672v1 (Internet Archive)

Casirivimab/imdevimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/uk-regulator-approves-first-mo.. (Internet Archive)

Ibuprofen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/self-care-and-treatments-for-coronaviru.. (Internet Archive)

Iota-carrageenan - unofficial - mixed usage

https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/2022/new-norizite-nasal-spray-launches-in-the-uk (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-oral-antiviral-for-covid-19-lagevrio-molnupiravir.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

Paxlovid - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963769/pdf/main.pdf (Internet Archive)

Sotrovimab - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-approves-xevudy-sotrovimab-a-covid-19-treatment-fo.. (Internet Archive)

Uzbekistan

Deuremidevir - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.junshipharma.com/en/%E5%90%9B%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%83%E5%.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(25)00360-3 (Internet Archive)

Venezuela

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XLTUt4W1aIjLf34yAZWrCOR9O6dA4w4c/view?usp=sharing (Internet Archive)

http://www.mpps.gob.ve/index.php/sistemas/descargas (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - official - country-wide adoption

http://www.mpps.gob.ve/index.php/sistemas/descargas (Internet Archive)

https://efectococuyo.com/coronavirus/venezuela-empieza-a-usar-la-cloroquina-para-tratar-co.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/20210412200113/https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/is-there-a-correlat..

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/more-evidence-presented-for-why-hydroxychloroquin.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.barrons.com/news/hydroxychloroquine-a-drug-dividing-the-world-01591006809 (Internet Archive)

Ivermectin - official - country-wide adoption

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XLTUt4W1aIjLf34yAZWrCOR9O6dA4w4c/view?usp=sharing (Internet Archive)

http://www.mpps.gob.ve/index.php/sistemas/descargas (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/marybethpf/status/1355383994616066049 (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/PsuvzuliaApc/status/1369407315066126336 (Internet Archive)

Remdesivir - official - country-wide adoption

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XLTUt4W1aIjLf34yAZWrCOR9O6dA4w4c/view?usp=sharing (Internet Archive)

http://www.mpps.gob.ve/index.php/sistemas/descargas (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XLTUt4W1aIjLf34yAZWrCOR9O6dA4w4c/view?usp=sharing (Internet Archive)

http://www.mpps.gob.ve/index.php/sistemas/descargas (Internet Archive)

Vietnam

Favipiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://trialsitenews.com/vietnam-ministry-of-health-includes-still-investigational-molnup.. (Internet Archive)

https://vietnamnet.vn/en/society/vietnam-adds-three-antiviral-drugs-in-covid-19-treatment-.. (Internet Archive)

Molnupiravir - official - country-wide adoption

https://trialsitenews.com/vietnam-ministry-of-health-includes-still-investigational-molnup.. (Internet Archive)

Yemen

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379230296_Pharmacological_and_Therapeutic_Feature.. (Internet Archive)

(Hydroxy)chloroquine - unofficial - isolated use

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-369104/v1 (Internet Archive)

Vitamin C - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379230296_Pharmacological_and_Therapeutic_Feature.. (Internet Archive)

Vitamin D - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379230296_Pharmacological_and_Therapeutic_Feature.. (Internet Archive)

Zinc - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379230296_Pharmacological_and_Therapeutic_Feature.. (Internet Archive)

Zambia

Acetaminophen - official - country-wide adoption

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-519255/v1 (Internet Archive)

Zimbabwe

Ivermectin - unofficial - mixed usage - Jan 28, 2021

https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/amp/news/africa/2021-06-27-zimbabwe-approves-use-of-ivermect.. (Internet Archive)

https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://twitter.com/Covid19Crusher/status/135506260267467571..

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/zimbabwe-oks-use-of-ivermectin-after-officials-deaths/2125.. (Internet Archive)

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-27/south-africa-allows-use-of-parasite-dru.. (Internet Archive)

https://twitter.com/Estoi_ko/status/1355493236614303746 (Internet Archive)

Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.

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